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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Method and Instrumented Fixture for Femoral Fracture Testing in a Sideways Fall-on-the-Hip Position

Method and Instrumented Fixture for Femoral Fracture Testing in a Sideways Fall-on-the-Hip Position

Published on: August 17, 2017

The relation between hip impact velocity and hip impact force differs between sideways fall techniques.

B E Groen¹, V Weerdesteyn, J Duysens

¹Sint Maartenskliniek Research, Development and Education, P.O. Box 9011, 6500 GM Nijmegen, The Netherlands. b.groen@maartenskliniek.nl

Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology : Official Journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology

|September 4, 2007

Summary

Impact velocity is not always a valid predictor of fall impact force differences between techniques. Martial arts falls showed lower impact forces than block falls at similar velocities, suggesting velocity alone is insufficient for comparing fall severity.

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Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Injury Prevention

Background:

Fall severity is linked to hip fracture risk.
Impact force and velocity are key metrics for assessing fall severity.

Purpose of the Study:

To validate impact velocity as a predictor of fall severity differences across techniques.
To compare impact forces between martial arts and block fall techniques.

Main Methods:

Five martial arts (MA) experienced adults performed sideways falls from kneeling and standing heights.
Three techniques were used: arm block, MA with arm, and MA without arm.
Linear regression analyzed the relationship between hip impact velocity and force.

Main Results:

A moderate, technique-dependent relationship was found between hip impact velocity and force.
Martial arts falls exhibited lower impact forces than block falls at comparable impact velocities.
Impact velocity alone could not reliably predict differences in impact force between techniques.

Conclusions:

Hip impact velocity can approximate impact force within specific fall techniques.
Impact velocity is not consistently valid for differentiating fall severity between techniques.
Combining impact velocity with energy estimates may offer a more valid approach when direct force measurement is not feasible.