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Related Experiment Videos

Gender differences in using alcohol to cope with depression.

B D Berger1, V J Adesso

  • 1University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53201.

Addictive Behaviors
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Depression and gender significantly impact alcohol consumption. While depressed individuals and men tend to drink more, depressed men showed the highest intake, and specific groups experienced mood improvements after drinking.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Social Science

Background:

  • Alcohol consumption is influenced by mood and individual expectations.
  • Gender differences in drinking patterns are well-documented.
  • The tension reduction hypothesis (TRH) posits alcohol use alleviates stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gender differences in alcohol consumption related to mood and expectancies.
  • To compare alcohol intake and mood changes between depressed and nondepressed men and women.
  • To explore the role of gender-specific expectancies in mediating the TRH.

Main Methods:

  • A taste-rating session comparing 32 nondepressed and 32 moderately depressed male and female social drinkers.
  • Measurement of alcohol consumption (amount and sip rate).
  • Assessment of depression and anxiety levels over time.

Main Results:

  • Depressed subjects consumed more alcohol than nondepressed subjects; men consumed more than women.
  • Depressed men exhibited the highest alcohol consumption per sip.
  • Depression and anxiety decreased for all subjects, with notable mood improvement in depressed men and nondepressed women post-drinking.

Conclusions:

  • Alcohol consumption patterns are complexly related to gender, depression, and individual expectancies.
  • The TRH may be influenced by gender-specific expectations regarding alcohol's effects.
  • Nondepressed women showed less alcohol consumption and greater positive mood shifts compared to depressed men.

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