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Related Experiment Videos

Gender differences in using alcohol to cope with depression.

B D Berger1, V J Adesso

  • 1University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53201.

Addictive Behaviors
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Depression and gender significantly impact alcohol consumption. While depressed individuals and men tend to drink more, depressed men showed the highest intake, and specific groups experienced mood improvements after drinking.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Social Science

Background:

  • Alcohol consumption is influenced by mood and individual expectations.
  • Gender differences in drinking patterns are well-documented.
  • The tension reduction hypothesis (TRH) posits alcohol use alleviates stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gender differences in alcohol consumption related to mood and expectancies.
  • To compare alcohol intake and mood changes between depressed and nondepressed men and women.
  • To explore the role of gender-specific expectancies in mediating the TRH.

Main Methods:

  • A taste-rating session comparing 32 nondepressed and 32 moderately depressed male and female social drinkers.
  • Measurement of alcohol consumption (amount and sip rate).
  • Assessment of depression and anxiety levels over time.

Main Results:

  • Depressed subjects consumed more alcohol than nondepressed subjects; men consumed more than women.
  • Depressed men exhibited the highest alcohol consumption per sip.
  • Depression and anxiety decreased for all subjects, with notable mood improvement in depressed men and nondepressed women post-drinking.

Conclusions:

  • Alcohol consumption patterns are complexly related to gender, depression, and individual expectancies.
  • The TRH may be influenced by gender-specific expectations regarding alcohol's effects.
  • Nondepressed women showed less alcohol consumption and greater positive mood shifts compared to depressed men.