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Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...

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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain

Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain

Published on: May 16, 2025

Rheumatoid arthritis.

Marlyn Lorenzo¹

¹Mercy Medical Center, 301 St. Paul Place, Suite 411, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA.

Foot and Ankle Clinics

|September 4, 2007

Summary

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic joint disease. This review covers its treatment and antirheumatic drugs, offering insights for managing this condition.

Area of Science:

Rheumatology
Immunology
Pharmacology

Background:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease.
It is characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints.
RA can lead to joint damage and disability.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive review of rheumatoid arthritis.
To discuss current treatment strategies for RA.
To examine the role of antirheumatic drugs in managing RA.

Main Methods:

Literature review of existing studies on rheumatoid arthritis.
Analysis of treatment guidelines and clinical trial data.
Synthesis of information on antirheumatic drug classes and mechanisms.

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Evaluation of Changes in Hydration and Body Cell Mass with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis after Exercise Program for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Evaluation of Changes in Hydration and Body Cell Mass with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis after Exercise Program for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Published on: July 14, 2023

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Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain

Preliminary Study on Acupuncture Combined with Grain-sized Moxibustion for Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Finger Joint Pain

Published on: May 16, 2025

Evaluation of Changes in Hydration and Body Cell Mass with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis after Exercise Program for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Evaluation of Changes in Hydration and Body Cell Mass with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis after Exercise Program for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Published on: July 14, 2023

Main Results:

Rheumatoid arthritis requires early diagnosis and intervention.
Treatment aims to reduce inflammation, relieve pain, and prevent joint damage.
Various classes of antirheumatic drugs, including DMARDs and biologics, are effective.

Conclusions:

Effective management of rheumatoid arthritis involves a multi-faceted approach.
Antirheumatic drugs are crucial for controlling disease activity and progression.
Ongoing research continues to improve treatment options for RA patients.