Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 12, 2026
In Vitro Evaluation of The Effects Of Er,Cr:YSGG and Diode Lasers Used on Titanium Cylinder
Published on: June 6, 2025
In vivo evaluation of the effects of 10% carbamide peroxide and 3.5% hydrogen peroxide on the enamel surface
Amparo Berga Caballero1, Leopoldo Forner Navarro, José Amengual Lorenzo
1Diplomada en Técnicas de Blanqueamiento Dental, Universitat de València, Estudi General, Valencia, Spain.
Objectives:
Bleaching of vital teeth performed at home by the patient under the dentist's supervision, using low-concentration peroxides and custom-fitted trays specifically designed for this purpose, is one of several options for this type of dental treatment, whether alone or in combination with another in-office bleaching technique. The objective of this study is to analyse the effect on the enamel surface of two bleaching products recommended for this technique.
Materials & Methods:
Two bleaching products were used: VivaStyle (Vivadent), a 10% carbamide peroxide, and FKD (Kin), a 3.5% hydrogen peroxide. They were applied in trays to the anterior teeth of 20 patients (10 in each group). The application times were 2 and 3 hours a day respectively for 28-33 days. Replicas of the tooth surfaces before and after treatment were obtained. These were observed with a scanning electron microscope.
Results:
The images obtained showed that the tooth surfaces remained entire and the enamel surface structures remained normal.
Conclusions:
The results show that neither of the products affects the enamel surface: no post-operatory changes were observed.
