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Visual function in Alzheimer's disease and normal aging.

A Cronin-Golomb1, J F Rizzo, S Corkin

  • 1Department of Psychology, Boston University, Massachusetts 02115.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Alzheimer's disease (AD) impairs specific visual functions like color and depth perception, not related to eye issues. These deficits suggest brain lesions in visual processing areas are the cause.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder.
  • Visual impairments are increasingly recognized in AD patients.
  • The specific visual functions affected and their underlying pathology require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a comprehensive range of visual behaviors in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • To evaluate the integrity of the retino-calcarine pathway in AD patients.
  • To determine the relationship between observed visual deficits and potential neurological lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Visual behaviors were assessed in 59 AD patients and 47 control subjects (35 elderly, 12 young).
  • Neuro-ophthalmologic and electrophysiologic examinations were performed on a subset of AD patients.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Deficits were analyzed in relation to retinal and optic nerve integrity.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients with AD exhibited significant, selective deficits in color discrimination, stereoacuity, contrast sensitivity, and backward masking.
    • No significant impairment was found in critical flicker fusion.
    • These visual deficits were not linked to observable retinal or optic nerve damage.

    Conclusions:

    • Alzheimer's disease (AD) causes specific visual processing impairments.
    • The observed visual abnormalities are likely due to lesions in the primary visual and posterior association cortices.
    • Findings highlight the impact of AD on higher-order visual functions beyond the retino-calcarine pathway.