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Absorption of Nasal and Bronchial Fluids: Precision Sampling of the Human Respiratory Mucosa and Laboratory Processing of Samples
11:54

Absorption of Nasal and Bronchial Fluids: Precision Sampling of the Human Respiratory Mucosa and Laboratory Processing of Samples

Published on: January 21, 2018

New insights into pediatric rhinosinusitis

N Principi1, S Esposito

  • 1Institute of Pediatrics, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Milan, Italy. Nicola.Principi@unimi.it

Pediatric Allergy and Immunology : Official Publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
|January 19, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Acute rhinosinusitis is common in children, often following a cold. Amoxicillin is recommended for mild cases, while severe infections require antibiotics that overcome resistance.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Rhinosinusitis is a frequent pediatric illness, typically acute and bacterial, often developing after a common cold.
  • Symptoms include persistent upper respiratory signs (>10 days) for mild cases, or fever and purulent nasal discharge for severe cases, impacting general health.
  • Recurrent or chronic rhinosinusitis in children may be linked to predisposing factors like allergies, cystic fibrosis, or immune deficiencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the characteristics and management of pediatric rhinosinusitis.
  • To discuss therapeutic strategies for mild, severe, and recurrent forms of the disease.
  • To provide expert recommendations on antibiotic selection for pediatric rhinosinusitis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentation and diagnostic criteria for pediatric rhinosinusitis.
  • Analysis of predisposing factors contributing to recurrent or chronic conditions.
  • Evaluation of current antibiotic treatment guidelines, considering resistance patterns.

Main Results:

  • Mild acute rhinosinusitis is characterized by prolonged symptoms, while severe cases present with fever and purulent discharge.
  • Predisposing factors significantly influence the occurrence of recurrent or chronic rhinosinusitis in children.
  • Amoxicillin is the preferred antibiotic for mild cases; broad-spectrum antibiotics are indicated for severe infections.

Conclusions:

  • Antibiotic therapy is crucial for managing pediatric rhinosinusitis, with tailored approaches for disease severity.
  • Expert consensus favors amoxicillin for mild cases and potent antibiotics for severe infections, addressing antibiotic resistance.
  • Understanding predisposing factors is key for managing recurrent and chronic pediatric rhinosinusitis.

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