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Updated: Jul 12, 2026
11:54
Absorption of Nasal and Bronchial Fluids: Precision Sampling of the Human Respiratory Mucosa and Laboratory Processing of Samples
Published on: January 21, 2018
New insights into pediatric rhinosinusitis.
1Institute of Pediatrics, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli e Regina Elena, Milan, Italy. Nicola.Principi@unimi.it
Summary
Acute rhinosinusitis is common in children, often following a cold. Amoxicillin is recommended for mild cases, while severe infections require antibiotics that overcome resistance.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Rhinosinusitis is a frequent pediatric illness, typically acute and bacterial, often developing after a common cold.
- Symptoms include persistent upper respiratory signs (>10 days) for mild cases, or fever and purulent nasal discharge for severe cases, impacting general health.
- Recurrent or chronic rhinosinusitis in children may be linked to predisposing factors like allergies, cystic fibrosis, or immune deficiencies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the characteristics and management of pediatric rhinosinusitis.
- To discuss therapeutic strategies for mild, severe, and recurrent forms of the disease.
- To provide expert recommendations on antibiotic selection for pediatric rhinosinusitis.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical presentation and diagnostic criteria for pediatric rhinosinusitis.
- Analysis of predisposing factors contributing to recurrent or chronic conditions.
- Evaluation of current antibiotic treatment guidelines, considering resistance patterns.
Main Results:
- Mild acute rhinosinusitis is characterized by prolonged symptoms, while severe cases present with fever and purulent discharge.
- Predisposing factors significantly influence the occurrence of recurrent or chronic rhinosinusitis in children.
- Amoxicillin is the preferred antibiotic for mild cases; broad-spectrum antibiotics are indicated for severe infections.
Conclusions:
- Antibiotic therapy is crucial for managing pediatric rhinosinusitis, with tailored approaches for disease severity.
- Expert consensus favors amoxicillin for mild cases and potent antibiotics for severe infections, addressing antibiotic resistance.
- Understanding predisposing factors is key for managing recurrent and chronic pediatric rhinosinusitis.
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