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Complement analysis in the 21st century.

Tom Eirik Mollnes1, T Sakari Jokiranta, Lennart Truedsson

  • 1Institute of Immunology, University of Oslo, and Rikshospitalet, N-0027 Oslo, Norway. t.e.mollines@medisin.uio.no

Molecular Immunology
|September 5, 2007
PubMed
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Clinical complement analysis now includes advanced assays for complement activation products and genetic testing for deficiencies and disease-associated mutations. Standardization of these methods is crucial for future progress in complement research and diagnostics.

Area of Science:

  • Clinical immunology and diagnostics
  • Complement system research

Background:

  • Traditional complement analysis involves quantifying C3, C4, C1-inhibitor, and screening for complement activity.
  • These established methods have been standard in diagnostic laboratories for many years.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of complement analysis techniques.
  • To highlight recent advancements in complement diagnostics and their clinical applications.
  • To discuss the role of genetic analysis in understanding complement-related diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established assays for complement activity quantification.
  • Analysis of novel assays for detecting complement activation products.
  • Examination of genetic methods for identifying complement deficiencies, mutations, and polymorphisms.

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Main Results:

  • The field has expanded significantly with new assays for complement activation products.
  • Genetic analysis is increasingly used to identify disease-causing mutations (e.g., atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, age-related macular degeneration).
  • Recent research highlights the expanding role of complement in various human diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Significant developments have occurred in complement analysis, mirroring research advances.
  • There is a clear need for consensus and standardization of analytical methods.
  • Standardization presents a major future challenge for the complement research community.