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Cardiac growth factors.

M D Schneider1, T G Parker

  • 1Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.

Progress in Growth Factor Research
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Polypeptide growth factors are crucial for heart development and function. Research shows these factors, like transforming growth factor beta 1 and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), regulate specific genes in cardiac muscle.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Biology
  • Molecular Cardiology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • The role of polypeptide growth factors in cardiovascular development, function, and disease is not well understood.
  • The myocardium produces various growth factors, including novel ones, which are regulated during cardiac development and disease.
  • Growth factor signaling in the heart has unique aspects not observed in simpler biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of polypeptide growth factors in cardiovascular ontogeny and function.
  • To explore how specific growth factors, such as transforming growth factor beta 1 and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), influence cardiac gene expression.
  • To understand the distinct mechanisms of growth factor action within the cardiac muscle lineage.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of growth factor production and regulation in the myocardium during development and disease.
  • Investigating the effects of transforming growth factor beta 1 and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) on cardiac-specific gene expression.
  • Examining the selective induction of gene elements, like the serum response element for alpha-actin, by different FGF isoforms in cardiac myocytes.

Main Results:

  • Transforming growth factor beta 1 and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) were found to selectively up-regulate genes specific to the fetal myocardium.
  • Basic FGF activated the gene encoding the skeletal muscle isoform of alpha-actin, while acidic FGF inhibited it.
  • Basic FGF, but not acidic FGF, selectively induced a serum response element in cardiac myocytes.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiac muscle serves as a valuable model for studying growth factor signaling pathways that control differentiated gene transcription.
  • Specific growth factors play distinct roles in directing cardiac organogenesis and adaptation.
  • Understanding these signaling pathways is critical for comprehending cardiovascular development and disease.

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