Spinal cord mensuration--a comparative study on the spinal cord segments and spinal nerves in Zambian goats

It has been known that the relative length of spinal cord and its segmental volume in domestic animals has established that the dynamics of spinal cord is directly related with the functions of the limbs and in particular to their feeding habits. Bilateral rostrocaudal measurements of spinal nerves involving their root attachment length, root emergence length, interroot length, segment length and cross sectional area were recorded on the dorsal and ventral surfaces of each segment of the spinal cords of five local healthy Zambian goats. We identified that the brachial and lumbar enlargements have involved identical number of spinal cord segments. Brachial and lumbar enlargements extended from C6 to T1 and L4 to L7. The average length of spinal cord was 59.9 cm and it extended up to caudal end of 5th sacral vertebrae. The root emergence length appeared to decrease gradually from C2 segment, which remained less variable in thoracic and lumbar segments and then receded sharply through sacral segments. The dorsal nerves entered spinal cord over a greater area than ventral because of more spinal rootlets. The greatest segment length lied in mid cervical region and then from lumbar segment it decreased sharply up to the end of sacral segments. It is concluded that these goats have a feeding habit similar to that of cattle rather than resting their forelimbs on the shrubs while nibbling the leaves as recorded in Asian goats. It also confirmed that the shrubs were more drooping along with grasses in the Gwembe Valley of Zambia.