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Related Concept Videos

Travelling Waves01:04

Travelling Waves

A wave is a disturbance that propagates from its source, repeating itself periodically, and is typically associated with simple harmonic motion. Mechanical waves are governed by Newton's laws and require a medium to travel. A medium is a substance in which a mechanical wave propagates, and the medium produces an elastic restoring force when it is deformed.
Water waves, sound waves, and seismic waves are some examples of mechanical waves. For water waves, the wave propagation medium is water;...
Propagation of Waves01:07

Propagation of Waves

When a wave propagates from one medium to another, part of it may get reflected in the first medium, and part of it may get transmitted to the second medium. In such a case, the interface of the two mediums can be considered as a boundary that is neither fixed nor free.
Consider a scenario where a wave propagates from a string of low linear mass density to a string of high linear mass density. In such a case, the reflected wave is out of phase with respect to the incident wave, however the...
Shock Waves01:16

Shock Waves

While deriving the Doppler formula for the observed frequency of a sound wave, it is assumed that the speed of sound in the medium is greater than the source's speed through it. When this condition is breached, a shock wave occurs.
When the source's speed approaches the speed of sound, constructive interference between successive wavefronts emitted by the source occurs immediately behind it. Initially, scientists believed that this constructive interference would result in such high pressures...
Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
Standing Waves01:17

Standing Waves

Sometimes waves do not seem to move; rather, they just vibrate in place. Unmoving waves can be seen on the surface of a glass of milk kept in a refrigerator, which is one example of standing waves. Vibrations from the refrigerator motor create waves on the milk that oscillate up and down but do not seem to move across the surface. These waves are formed or created by the superposition of two or more identical moving waves in opposite directions. The waves move through each other, with their...
Interference and Superposition of Waves01:07

Interference and Superposition of Waves

When two waves of the same nature occur in the same region simultaneously, they result in interference. Interference of waves implies that the net effect of the waves is the sum of the individual waves' effects. However, it does not imply that the individual waves affect the propagation of other waves.
Interference occurs in mechanical waves, such as sound waves, waves on a string, and surface water waves. Mechanical waves correspond to the physical displacement of particles. Hence,...

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Related Experiment Video

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Visualization of Flow Field Around a Vibrating Pipeline Within an Equilibrium Scour Hole
09:37

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Published on: August 26, 2019

"Internal Waves" Advancing along Submarine Canyons.

F P Shepard, N F Marshall, P A McLoughlin

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |January 18, 1974
    PubMed
    Summary

    Alternating currents in submarine canyons off California were observed to move predictably. These patterns, likely caused by internal waves, traveled at speeds of 25 to 88 cm/s.

    Area of Science:

    • Oceanography
    • Marine Geology

    Background:

    • Submarine canyons are significant geological features on continental margins.
    • Understanding current dynamics within these canyons is crucial for sediment transport and ecosystem studies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the patterns and propagation of currents along the axes of submarine canyons off California.
    • To determine the speed and directionality of these observed current patterns.

    Main Methods:

    • Tracking of alternating up- and downcanyon current patterns.
    • Analysis of current arrival times at different stations within coastal canyons.
    • Estimation of propagation speeds for the observed current patterns.

    Main Results:

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    Measurements of Waves in a Wind-wave Tank Under Steady and Time-varying Wind Forcing
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    Measurements of Waves in a Wind-wave Tank Under Steady and Time-varying Wind Forcing

    Published on: February 13, 2018

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  • Alternating current patterns were successfully traced along submarine canyon axes.
  • Current patterns arrived later at stations closer to canyon heads.
  • In canyons situated between islands, patterns propagated down the canyon axis.
  • Propagation speeds ranged from 25 to 88 centimeters per second.

    • Conclusions:

    • The observed current patterns are likely driven by internal waves.
    • Internal waves play a significant role in the hydrodynamics of California's submarine canyons.