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Related Concept Videos

Southern Blot02:57

Southern Blot

Agarose gel electrophoresis is very useful in separating DNA fragments by size. Running a DNA ladder containing fragments of the known length alongside the sample helps determine the approximate length of the sample DNA fragments. However, additional steps are needed to verify the sequence identity of the sample DNA fragments.
Denatured DNA fragments must be transferred onto a carrier membrane from the gel to make it accessible to a probe - a small ssDNA fragment complementary to the target DNA...
Light Acquisition02:16

Light Acquisition

In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.

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The southern corn leaf blight epidemic.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·1971
Same author

SOME RESPONSES OF YOUNG CORN PLANTS TO MALEIC HYDRAZIDE.

Plant physiology·1951
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Detached Maize Sheaths for Live-Cell Imaging of Infection by Fungal Foliar Maize Pathogens
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The southern corn leaf blight epidemic.

L A Tatum

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |March 19, 1971
    PubMed
    Summary

    The 1970 Southern corn leaf blight epidemic, caused by Helminthosporium maydis, devastated U.S. corn crops. Genetic resistance is available, highlighting the need for robust crop pest research to prevent future agricultural threats.

    Area of Science:

    • Agricultural Science
    • Plant Pathology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • The 1970 growing season saw a significant genetic shift in host-parasite interactions affecting U.S. corn.
    • Southern corn leaf blight (SCLB), caused by Helminthosporium maydis, rapidly escalated from a minor issue to a major crop disease.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the impact and implications of the 1970 SCLB epidemic on U.S. corn production.
    • To assess the availability of genetic resistance and the necessity of strengthened crop pest research.

    Main Methods:

    • Epidemiological analysis of the 1970 SCLB outbreak.
    • Assessment of genetic resistance sources for Helminthosporium maydis.
    • Evaluation of the agricultural research infrastructure for pest management.

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    Main Results:

    • SCLB caused an estimated loss of over 710 million bushels of corn in 1970, exceeding 12% of the average annual loss from all corn diseases.
    • Genetic resistance to the prevalent Helminthosporium maydis race is available, with resistant seed projected for widespread use by 1972.
    • The epidemic underscored the vulnerability of food crops to pests and the inadequacy of current research programs.

    Conclusions:

    • The 1970 SCLB epidemic demonstrated the critical need for enhanced research into crop pest management and genetic resistance.
    • Sustained research programs are essential to protect food supplies from potentially catastrophic pest-induced losses.
    • Strengthening overall crop pest research is crucial for agricultural security.