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Lunar crust: structure and composition.

M N Toksöz, F Press, K Anderson

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |June 2, 1972
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study reveals the Moon's interior structure using seismic data from Apollo missions. The lunar crust is 65 km thick, with distinct layers of basalt, gabbro, and anorthosite, overlying a high-velocity mantle.

    Area of Science:

    • Geophysics
    • Planetary Science
    • Seismology

    Background:

    • Understanding the Moon's internal structure is crucial for planetary evolution models.
    • Previous seismic studies provided limited resolution of the lunar crust and upper mantle.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the Moon's interior structure to a depth of approximately 100 kilometers.
    • To analyze seismic wave propagation through different lunar layers.

    Main Methods:

    • Interpretation of lunar seismic data from artificial impacts.
    • Analysis of data recorded by three Apollo seismometers.
    • Calculation of seismic velocities at various depths.

    Main Results:

    • The lunar crust in the Fra Mauro region is approximately 65 km thick.

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  • Seismic velocities in the upper 25 km are consistent with lunar basalts.
  • Velocities between 25 and 65 km suggest gabbroic and anorthositic rocks.
  • A high apparent velocity (approx. 9 km/s) was observed in the lunar mantle below the crust.

    • Conclusions:

    • The Moon possesses a layered crust composed of distinct rock types.
    • The seismic data provide insights into the composition and physical state of the lunar mantle.
    • This study refines models of lunar internal structure and evolution.