Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing

Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
Bonding in Metals02:32

Bonding in Metals

Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”.
Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition02:33

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition

Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
States of Water01:23

States of Water

Water exists in any one of the three classical states: solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (steam or water vapor). The state of water depends on i) the intermolecular forces that draw molecules together and ii) the kinetic energy that leads to movements that pull them apart.
Water freezes when the intermolecular forces are greater than the kinetic energy. Unlike most other substances, water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid state. This is because each water molecule can form...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A new type of hydrothermal diamond-anvil cell with cooling system.

The Review of scientific instruments·2020
Same author

The roles of homologous recombination and the immune system in the genomic evolution of cancer.

Journal of translational science·2019
Same author

An improved hydrothermal diamond anvil cell.

The Review of scientific instruments·2016
Same author

Targeting IL-17A in multiple myeloma: a potential novel therapeutic approach in myeloma.

Leukemia·2015
Same author

Deviatoric stress: a nuisance or a gold mine?

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2012
Same author

Hematopoietic cell transplantation for primary plasma cell leukemia: results from the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research.

Leukemia·2011

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

An Externally-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell for Synthesis and Single-Crystal Elasticity Determination of Ice-VII at High Pressure-Temperature Conditions
07:48

An Externally-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell for Synthesis and Single-Crystal Elasticity Determination of Ice-VII at High Pressure-Temperature Conditions

Published on: June 18, 2020

Melting of diamond.

J S Gold, W A Bassett, M S Weathers

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |August 31, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    High-pressure experiments using a Q-switched YAG laser caused diamond anvils to melt above 120 kilobars. At lower pressures, the diamond anvil surface graphitized, confirmed by microscopy.

    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • High-Pressure Physics
    • Laser-Material Interactions

    Background:

    • Diamond anvils are crucial for high-pressure research.
    • Understanding diamond behavior under extreme conditions is essential for developing new technologies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of focused laser radiation on diamond anvils at high pressures.
    • To determine the pressure thresholds for melting and graphitization of diamond.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a Q-switched YAG laser focused on a single-crystal diamond anvil within a high-pressure diamond cell.
    • Applied pressures exceeding 120 kilobars to a mixture of potassium bromide and graphite between the anvils.
    • Analyzed the diamond anvil surface using optical and scanning electron microscopy.

    More Related Videos

    Synthesis and Microdiffraction at Extreme Pressures and Temperatures
    07:26

    Synthesis and Microdiffraction at Extreme Pressures and Temperatures

    Published on: October 7, 2013

    Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory
    06:04

    Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory

    Published on: November 15, 2013

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

    An Externally-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell for Synthesis and Single-Crystal Elasticity Determination of Ice-VII at High Pressure-Temperature Conditions
    07:48

    An Externally-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell for Synthesis and Single-Crystal Elasticity Determination of Ice-VII at High Pressure-Temperature Conditions

    Published on: June 18, 2020

    Synthesis and Microdiffraction at Extreme Pressures and Temperatures
    07:26

    Synthesis and Microdiffraction at Extreme Pressures and Temperatures

    Published on: October 7, 2013

    Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory
    06:04

    Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory

    Published on: November 15, 2013

    Main Results:

    • Observed melting of the diamond anvil face at pressures greater than approximately 120 kilobars.
    • Documented graphitization of the diamond surface at pressures below 120 kilobars.
    • Confirmed laser-induced phase transitions in diamond under high pressure.

    Conclusions:

    • Diamond anvils can undergo melting and graphitization when subjected to focused laser radiation at high pressures.
    • The study provides critical data on the physical limits of diamond anvils in extreme environments.
    • These findings have implications for high-pressure experimental design and material science research.