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Related Concept Videos

Heterogeneous Catalysis01:22

Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...
Catalysis01:27

Catalysis

Catalysis influences the rate of chemical reactions by providing an alternative reaction pathway with lower activation energy. A catalyst speeds up a reaction, but it is not consumed during the process. The fundamental principle of catalysis is the ability of a catalyst to alter the reaction mechanism, often introducing a more efficient pathway than the uncatalyzed process.In a catalyzed reaction, the catalyst participates directly in the reaction mechanism. It interacts with reactants to form...
Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate02:21

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate

Alkenes can be dihydroxylated using potassium permanganate. The method encompasses the reaction of an alkene with a cold, dilute solution of potassium permanganate under basic conditions to form a cis-diol along with a brown precipitate of manganese dioxide.
Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide02:44

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide

Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
Oxidation of Alkenes: Anti Dihydroxylation with Peroxy Acids02:04

Oxidation of Alkenes: Anti Dihydroxylation with Peroxy Acids

Diols are compounds with two hydroxyl groups. In addition to syn dihydroxylation, diols can also be synthesized through the process of anti dihydroxylation. The process involves treating an alkene with a peroxycarboxylic acid to form an epoxide. Epoxides are highly strained three-membered rings with oxygen and two carbons occupying the corners of an equilateral triangle. This step is followed by ring-opening of the epoxide in the presence of an aqueous acid to give a trans diol.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Preparation of Polyoxometalate-based Photo-responsive Membranes for the Photo-activation of Manganese Oxide Catalysts
05:47

Preparation of Polyoxometalate-based Photo-responsive Membranes for the Photo-activation of Manganese Oxide Catalysts

Published on: August 7, 2018

Perovskite oxides: materials science in catalysis.

R J Voorhoeve, D W Johnson, J P Remeika

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |March 4, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Perovskite catalysts offer diverse applications due to their tunable structure, showing promise in oxidation-reduction reactions and automotive exhaust control. Further research is needed to achieve long-term stability for commercial use.

    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Catalysis
    • Solid-State Chemistry

    Background:

    • Perovskites are a versatile class of materials with a flexible crystal structure, enabling chemical tailoring for various applications.
    • Their ease of synthesis and accommodation of diverse ions make them attractive for catalytic studies.
    • Existing commercial catalysts can often be incorporated into perovskite structures, suggesting broad potential.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the potential of perovskite catalysts in a wide range of chemical conversions.
    • To investigate the correlation between solid-state parameters and catalytic mechanisms in perovskite systems.
    • To identify promising perovskite formulations for applications like automotive exhaust control.

    Main Methods:

    • Synthesis of perovskite catalysts using ceramic powder preparation techniques.

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    Flash Infrared Annealing for Perovskite Solar Cell Processing
    05:15

    Flash Infrared Annealing for Perovskite Solar Cell Processing

    Published on: February 3, 2021

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    Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

    Preparation of Polyoxometalate-based Photo-responsive Membranes for the Photo-activation of Manganese Oxide Catalysts
    05:47

    Preparation of Polyoxometalate-based Photo-responsive Membranes for the Photo-activation of Manganese Oxide Catalysts

    Published on: August 7, 2018

    Flash Infrared Annealing for Perovskite Solar Cell Processing
    05:15

    Flash Infrared Annealing for Perovskite Solar Cell Processing

    Published on: February 3, 2021

  • Correlation of solid-state parameters (thermodynamic, electronic) with reaction rates and selectivity.
  • Testing of noble metal-substituted perovskites for resistance to sulfur poisoning in catalytic converters.

    • Main Results:

    • Established correlations between solid-state properties and catalytic performance in oxidation-reduction reactions.
    • Demonstrated promise of noble metal-substituted perovskites for automotive exhaust control, though long-term stability remains a challenge.
    • Identified that a vast array of elements can be incorporated into perovskite oxides for catalytic activity.

    Conclusions:

    • Perovskite catalysts are highly tunable and show significant potential for various chemical conversions.
    • While promising, commercial application requires overcoming challenges like long-term stability.
    • Further exploration of perovskite formulations is expected to advance catalysis understanding and develop practical solutions.