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Wind-driven ocean currents and ekman transport.

J F Price, R A Weller, R R Schudlich

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |December 11, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Researchers verified the Ekman transport theory, finding that wind stress and Coriolis force move water right of the wind. In situ measurements confirmed theoretical predictions within 10% accuracy, with most transport near the surface.

    Area of Science:

    • Oceanography
    • Fluid Dynamics
    • Environmental Science

    Background:

    • The Ekman transport theory describes water movement due to wind stress and Coriolis force.
    • Verifying this theory is crucial for understanding ocean circulation patterns.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To empirically validate the theoretical Ekman transport relation.
    • To quantify the accuracy of Ekman transport predictions using real-world data.

    Main Methods:

    • Conducting in situ measurements of wind and ocean currents.
    • Isolating wind-driven currents from total measured currents.
    • Averaging data over extended periods to ensure reliability.

    Main Results:

    • Observed ocean transport closely matched theoretical Ekman transport predictions, with a deviation of approximately 10%.

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  • The majority of wind-driven transport (95%) was concentrated in the upper 25 meters of the water column.
  • Fair summer weather conditions influenced the surface-trapped nature of the transport.

    • Conclusions:

    • The study provides strong empirical support for the Ekman transport theory.
    • Findings highlight the significant impact of surface conditions on ocean current dynamics.
    • The results enhance our understanding of wind-driven water movement in marine environments.