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Related Concept Videos

Isothermal Processes01:21

Isothermal Processes

A thermodynamic process that occurs at constant temperature is called an isothermal process. Heat slowly flows into the system or out of the system to maintain thermal equilibrium. Processes involving phase changes like water evaporation into steam or freezing water into ice at a constant temperature are examples of Isothermal Processes.
An ideal gas can also undergo isothermal expansion or compression.
For example, consider 1 mole of an ideal gas inside an isolated cylinder at initial volume V...
Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition02:33

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition

Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...
Laminar and Turbulent Flow01:07

Laminar and Turbulent Flow

Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the streamlines...
Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates

Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
Deep Sea Microbial Ecology01:18

Deep Sea Microbial Ecology

The deep ocean and its underlying sediments represent vast, largely unexplored microbial habitats that extend far beyond the sunlit photic zone. The photic (euphotic) zone typically spans the upper ~100–200 meters of pelagic waters in the open ocean, but its depth varies geographically and seasonally, where sufficient light supports photosynthetic life. Below this lies the deep sea, spanning roughly 1000–6000 meters (bathypelagic to abyssal zones), with deeper hadal trenches extending beyond...
Isochoric and Isobaric Processes01:21

Isochoric and Isobaric Processes

A thermodynamic process that occurs at constant volume is called an isochoric process. According to the first law of thermodynamics, heat supplied or removed from the system is partially utilized to perform work and change the internal energy of the system. However, in an isochoric process, the volume remains constant. Hence, the work done by the system is zero. Therefore, the exchange of heat changes the internal energy of the system only. 
Suppose 1000 g of water is heated from 40 degrees...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Data Processing Methods for 3D Seismic Imaging of Subsurface Volcanoes: Applications to the Tarim Flood Basalt
07:58

Data Processing Methods for 3D Seismic Imaging of Subsurface Volcanoes: Applications to the Tarim Flood Basalt

Published on: August 7, 2017

Fluid processes in subduction zones.

S M Peacock

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |April 20, 1990
    PubMed
    Summary

    Fluids released from subducting plates significantly influence subduction zones and arc magmatism. Their production and migration control geological processes and melting in the Earth

    Area of Science:

    • Geosciences
    • Geochemistry
    • Tectonics

    Background:

    • Fluids are crucial in subduction zones, impacting thermal and rheological evolution.
    • Pore waters and CH(4)-H(2)O fluids at shallow depths influence accretionary prisms and deep-sea ecosystems.
    • Deeper metamorphic reactions release H(2)O and CO(2), altering mantle wedge composition and triggering melting.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the critical role of fluids in subduction zones and arc magmatism.
    • To constrain the location and consequences of fluid production using phase diagrams and thermal models.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of phase diagrams for relevant bulk compositions.
    • Numerical heat-transfer modeling to predict pressure-temperature-time paths.
    • Integration of fluid and rock behavior under subduction conditions.

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    Visualizing Hyporheic Flow Through Bedforms Using Dye Experiments and Simulation

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    Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

    Data Processing Methods for 3D Seismic Imaging of Subsurface Volcanoes: Applications to the Tarim Flood Basalt
    07:58

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    Published on: August 7, 2017

    Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection
    07:28

    Evolution of Staircase Structures in Diffusive Convection

    Published on: September 5, 2018

    Visualizing Hyporheic Flow Through Bedforms Using Dye Experiments and Simulation
    09:49

    Visualizing Hyporheic Flow Through Bedforms Using Dye Experiments and Simulation

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    Main Results:

    • Shallow fluid expulsion affects accretionary prism evolution and provides nutrients.
    • Deep fluid release alters mantle wedge composition and can induce partial melting.
    • Partial melting of amphibole-bearing oceanic crust is time-limited in young subduction zones.

    Conclusions:

    • Fluid production and migration are key drivers of geological processes in subduction zones.
    • In cooler subduction zones, mantle wedge melting is primarily driven by fluid infiltration.
    • Understanding fluid behavior is essential for comprehending arc magmatism and subduction zone dynamics.