Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment01:20

Myasthenia Gravis: Overview and Treatment

Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular transmission disorder characterized by weakness and increased fatigability of skeletal muscles. It is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately one in 2000 people, where antibodies against the α1 subunit of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are produced.
These antibodies interfere with the function of the nicotinic receptors in three ways: by binding to the receptor and disrupting acetylcholine binding; by causing cross-linking of receptors which leads...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of its...
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Introduction01:23

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Introduction

Oral drug delivery is the most common route of administration due to its convenience, cost-effectiveness, and high patient compliance. It enables precise formulation to ensure proper drug dosage and bioavailability. The development of oral dosage forms considers drug properties such as solubility, stability, and absorption to optimize therapeutic efficacy.Tablets, capsules, liquids, and chewable formulations enhance drug stability, mask undesirable tastes, and improve patient experience.
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel Disease...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Is therapy-free remission a realistic goal with cladribine tablets in multiple sclerosis? New insights into the mechanism of action and clinical implications of immune reconstitution with cladribine tablets in MS therapy.

Journal of neurology·2025
Same author

Aqueously altered igneous rocks sampled on the floor of Jezero crater, Mars.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2022
Same author

An olivine cumulate outcrop on the floor of Jezero crater, Mars.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2022
Same author

Introduction of the Watzmann Severity Scale: A sensorimotor approach to estimate the course of inpatient rehabilitation in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders·2020
Same author

Impact Melt Facies in the Moon's Crisium Basin: Identifying, Characterizing, and Future Radiogenic Dating.

Journal of geophysical research. Planets·2020
Same author

Using dust shed from asteroids as microsamples to link remote measurements with meteorite classes.

Meteoritics & planetary science·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Two-photon Imaging of Cellular Dynamics in the Mouse Spinal Cord
10:44

Two-photon Imaging of Cellular Dynamics in the Mouse Spinal Cord

Published on: February 22, 2015

Emerging oral therapies for multiple sclerosis.

B A Cohen1, P Rieckmann

  • 1Davee Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. bac106@northwestern.edu

International Journal of Clinical Practice
|September 6, 2007
PubMed
Summary

New oral treatments for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) are needed to improve patient adherence and outcomes. This review covers oral therapies in development to address unmet needs in MS care.

More Related Videos

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
06:19

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: September 9, 2022

Experimental Demyelination and Remyelination of Murine Spinal Cord by Focal Injection of Lysolecithin
08:57

Experimental Demyelination and Remyelination of Murine Spinal Cord by Focal Injection of Lysolecithin

Published on: March 26, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Two-photon Imaging of Cellular Dynamics in the Mouse Spinal Cord
10:44

Two-photon Imaging of Cellular Dynamics in the Mouse Spinal Cord

Published on: February 22, 2015

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
06:19

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: September 9, 2022

Experimental Demyelination and Remyelination of Murine Spinal Cord by Focal Injection of Lysolecithin
08:57

Experimental Demyelination and Remyelination of Murine Spinal Cord by Focal Injection of Lysolecithin

Published on: March 26, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Current disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) often require long-term injections, potentially reducing patient adherence and satisfaction.
  • Not all patients respond effectively to existing DMDs, highlighting the need for alternative therapeutic strategies.
  • There is a significant unmet need for less invasive MS treatments with novel mechanisms of action.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current unmet need for orally administered treatments for RRMS.
  • To discuss the potential benefits of oral administration in improving patient outcomes and adherence.
  • To highlight oral therapies currently in Phase II/III clinical development for RRMS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current and emerging RRMS treatments.
  • Analysis of the advantages of oral drug delivery for chronic conditions.
  • Discussion of clinical trial data for oral RRMS therapies in development.

Main Results:

  • Oral administration offers a less burdensome route compared to injections, potentially increasing patient adherence.
  • Emerging oral therapies represent a promising expansion of the RRMS treatment landscape.
  • Several oral agents are progressing through late-stage clinical trials, indicating potential future treatment options.

Conclusions:

  • Orally administered medications are needed to address the limitations of current injectable DMDs for RRMS.
  • The development of oral RRMS treatments could significantly improve patient satisfaction, adherence, and overall treatment efficacy.
  • Future research and clinical development should focus on evaluating the safety and effectiveness of these novel oral agents.