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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
Toxidromes: Clinical Features01:30

Toxidromes: Clinical Features

Toxidromes are specific patterns of symptoms resulting from toxic substance exposure. They help in the identification and treatment of poisoning. The symptoms of each toxidrome group indicate poisoning by a certain class of chemicals or drugs.1. Sympathomimetic: Stimulates the sympathetic nervous system. Symptoms include agitation, increased heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), respiratory rate (RR), temperature, and pupil size. Drugs like cocaine and amphetamines, along with tremors and...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD, is a long-term condition marked by persistent and only partially reversible airflow limitation. It involves two overlapping conditions—chronic bronchitis and emphysema—which often co-appear but differ in dominant symptoms and underlying mechanisms.Chronic Bronchitis FeaturesChronic bronchitis presents with a persistent productive cough and thick, sometimes purulent mucus due to airway inflammation, enlarged mucus glands, and goblet cell...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

A Rat Model of Compound Acne
03:10

A Rat Model of Compound Acne

Published on: November 1, 2024

Clinical spectrum of onchodermatitis.

Arfan-Ul- Bari1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, CMH, Muzaffarabad, AJK.

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP
|September 6, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Onchodermatitis, a skin disease caused by onchocerciasis, affects 6.2% of patients in Sierra Leone. Chronic papular onchodermatitis was the most frequent presentation in this observational study.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Onchocerciasis, also known as river blindness, is a neglected tropical disease caused by the filarial nematode *Onchocerca volvulus*.
  • Dermatological manifestations are common in onchocerciasis, particularly in endemic areas of sub-Saharan Africa.
  • Understanding the spectrum of skin presentations is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of onchodermatitis in black Africans in Sierra Leone.
  • To document the diverse dermatological presentations of onchocerciasis in the study population.

Main Methods:

  • An observational study was conducted in the Eastern Province of Sierra Leone from November 2004 to October 2005.
  • Local patients with suspected onchodermatitis were included, excluding UN troops.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

A Rat Model of Compound Acne
03:10

A Rat Model of Compound Acne

Published on: November 1, 2024

  • Clinical diagnosis was based on symptomatology and morphology, with laboratory investigations (blood tests, skin snips, biopsies) and categorization of skin manifestations.

    • Main Results:

    • A total of 3011 patients with various skin disorders were assessed.
    • 187 patients (6.2%) were diagnosed with onchodermatitis, affecting all age groups and both sexes.
    • The full spectrum of onchodermatitis was observed, with chronic papular onchodermatitis being the most prevalent pattern.

    Conclusions:

    • Onchodermatitis presents with a wide range of clinical manifestations in the black African population of eastern Sierra Leone.
    • The study highlights the significant burden of onchodermatitis in the region.
    • Further research into specific clinical patterns and their management is warranted.