[Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata]

Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is an uncommon condition characterized by subperitoneal proliferation of benign nodules mainly composed of benign smooth muscle cells. This entity generally appears in premenopausal women and hormonal influences may play a role in its pathogenesis. The macroscopic appearance mimics peritoneal carcinomatosis. The characteristic clinical course is asymptomatic and diagnosis is only feasible after microscopic examination. To date, less than 100 cases have been reported in the literature. We report the case of a 40-year-old woman who underwent surgery in our department.