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Related Experiment Videos

The columbia river basalts.

P R Hooper

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |March 19, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Massive basaltic lava flows in the American Northwest between 17 and 6 million years ago originated from deep mantle melts. These extensive eruptions provide crucial data for understanding Earth

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    Area of Science:

    • Geology
    • Geochemistry
    • Earth Science

    Background:

    • The American Northwest experienced extensive basaltic lava flooding between 17 and 6 million years ago.
    • Eruptions occurred through long crustal fissures, covering vast areas like the Columbia Plateau rapidly.
    • These lava flows cover approximately 200,000 square kilometers.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the composition of ancient basaltic lavas.
    • To investigate mantle composition and evolution of Earth's crust.
    • To understand the processes involved in large-scale volcanic events.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of chemical and mineralogical data from basaltic lava samples.
    • Geological mapping of lava flow extents and eruption sites.

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  • Geochemical modeling of magma sources and crustal interactions.

    • Main Results:

    • The lavas are primarily partial melts of the Earth's mantle.
    • Near-surface, upper crustal processes had minimal modification effects on the lavas.
    • Individual eruptions were capable of covering significant portions of the Columbia Plateau swiftly.

    Conclusions:

    • The extensive basaltic lava flows provide a unique window into mantle processes.
    • Abundant geochemical data allows for detailed study of mantle composition.
    • Understanding these events is key to comprehending crustal evolution.