Pressure measurement made by the utilization of ruby sharp-line luminescence
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 21, 1972
Summary
A new technique uses ruby
Area of Science:
- High-pressure physics
- Materials science
- Spectroscopy
Background:
- Diamond-anvil cells are crucial for simulating extreme pressures.
- Accurate pressure measurement is essential for high-pressure research.
- Ruby's luminescence is a known pressure-dependent phenomenon.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a rapid and precise method for pressure measurement.
- To utilize the R-line luminescence of ruby for pressure calibration.
- To establish a reliable technique for diamond-anvil cell applications.
Main Methods:
- Employing a diamond-anvil high-pressure cell.
- Utilizing the sharp-line (R-line) luminescence of ruby for measurement.
- Analyzing the energy shift of ruby's R-line luminescence with applied pressure.
Main Results:
- Developed a rapid and convenient technique for precision pressure measurement.
- Observed a linear shift in ruby's R-line luminescence with pressure (to 22 kilobars).
- Quantified the pressure shift: -0.77 +/-0.03 cm⁻¹/kbar for R(1) and -0.84 +/-0.03 cm⁻¹/kbar for R(2).
Conclusions:
- The developed technique offers a fast and accurate method for pressure determination.
- Ruby R-line luminescence provides a reliable pressure gauge in diamond-anvil cells.
- Observed line-broadening suggests potential for probing non-hydrostatic conditions.
Related Concept Videos
01:16Flame Photometry: Lab
In a flame photometer, when a solution like potassium chloride is aspirated into the flame, the solvent evaporates, leaving behind dehydrated salt. This salt dissociates into free gaseous atoms in their ground state. Some of these atoms absorb energy from the flame, leading to their excitation. The excited atoms return to the ground state, emitting photons at characteristic wavelengths. Because only electronic transitions are involved, the resulting emission lines are very narrow. The intensity...
01:14Photoluminescence: Applications
Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
01:02Flame Photometry: Overview
Flame photometry, also known as flame emission spectrometry, is a technique used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements present in a sample using a flame as the source of excitation energy. The concept of flame photometry was realized in the early 1860s by Kirchhoff and Bunsen, who discovered that specific elements emit characteristic radiation when excited in flames. The first instrument developed for this purpose was used to measure sodium (Na) in plant ash using a Bunsen...
01:25Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation
Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.
01:16Measurement of Fluid Pressure
Fluid pressure is commonly measured using devices called manometers, which rely on liquid columns to indicate pressure differences. The height of a liquid column in a manometer reflects the pressure exerted by the fluid, providing a simple yet effective means of measurement. Different types of manometers serve specific purposes based on their configurations and the type of fluids involved.
A basic form of manometer is the piezometer, a vertical tube open at the top and filled with the same...
A basic form of manometer is the piezometer, a vertical tube open at the top and filled with the same...
01:20Pressure Gauges
Most pressure gauges, like those on scuba tanks, are calibrated to read zero at atmospheric pressure. Readings from such gauges are called the gauge pressure, which is the pressure relative to atmospheric pressure. When the pressure inside the tank exceeds atmospheric pressure, the gauge reports a positive value. Some gauges are designed to measure negative pressure. For example, many physics experiments must take place in a vacuum chamber, a rigid chamber from which some of the air is pumped...