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Related Experiment Videos

Exinct superheavy element in meteorites: attempted characterization.

E Anders, J W Larimer

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |March 3, 1972
    PubMed
    Summary
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    New insights into the mechanistic details of the carbonic anhydrase cycle as derived from the model system [(NH(3))(3)Zn(OH)](+)/CO(2): how does the H(2)O/HCO(3)(-) replacement step occur?

    Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology·2002

    A volatile superheavy element may explain fission xenon in meteorites. Elements 111 and 115 are top candidates, requiring specific heat of vaporization and boiling points for this explanation.

    Area of Science:

    • Cosmochemistry
    • Nuclear Chemistry
    • Planetary Science

    Background:

    • Unexplained fission xenon components in meteorites suggest an unknown origin.
    • Superheavy elements (SHEs) are theoretical elements with atomic numbers greater than 104.
    • Volatility is a key property influencing the distribution of elements in planetary bodies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the potential role of volatile superheavy elements in explaining the fission xenon anomaly in meteorites.
    • To determine the required thermochemical properties (heat of vaporization, boiling point) for such an element.

    Main Methods:

    • Thermodynamic calculations to estimate the heat of vaporization and boiling points of potential superheavy elements.
    • Comparison of calculated properties with requirements for explaining xenon isotopic anomalies.

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  • Systematic evaluation of superheavy elements based on their predicted volatility.

    • Main Results:

    • A heat of vaporization of 54 ± 3 kcal/mol and a boiling point of 2500 ± 400 K are required for a volatile superheavy element to explain the observed xenon component.
    • Elements 111 and 115 are identified as the most promising candidates, with elements 113, 114, 112, and 116 as secondary possibilities.
    • Elements 105-110 are excluded due to insufficient volatility.

    Conclusions:

    • Volatile superheavy elements are plausible candidates for the unexplained fission xenon in meteorites.
    • The specific thermochemical properties constrain the possible identity of the element.
    • Further research into the synthesis and properties of elements 111 and 115 is warranted.