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Apollo 14 active seismic experiment.

J S Watkins, R L Kovach

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |March 17, 1972
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Seismic data reveal the Apollo 14 site has an 8.5-meter regolith layer overlying the Fra Mauro Formation. This subsurface structure shows distinct compressional wave velocities, with no permafrost detected.

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    Area of Science:

    • Lunar geology
    • Seismology
    • Planetary science

    Background:

    • Understanding the subsurface structure of lunar landing sites is crucial for interpreting geological history and resource potential.
    • Apollo 14's Fra Mauro Formation is a key geological unit for understanding impact processes on the Moon.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the shallow subsurface structure at the Apollo 14 landing site using seismic refraction data.
    • To determine the thickness and seismic properties of the regolith and underlying formations.
    • To investigate the presence of potential permafrost.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of explosion seismic refraction data collected at the Apollo 14 site.
    • Calculation of compressional wave velocities and layer thicknesses from seismic travel times.

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    Main Results:

    • A lunar regolith layer of 8.5 meters thickness with a compressional wave velocity of 104 m/s was identified.
    • The underlying Fra Mauro Formation was found to be between 16 and 76 meters thick, with a compressional wave velocity of 299 m/s.
    • A deeper layer with a velocity greater than 370 m/s was detected, and no evidence of permafrost was found.

    Conclusions:

    • The seismic data provide a detailed model of the shallow subsurface at the Apollo 14 site.
    • The identified layers and their seismic properties are consistent with the geological expectations for the Fra Mauro Formation.
    • The absence of permafrost suggests specific thermal or geological conditions at the time of seismic data acquisition.