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Related Concept Videos

Transgenic Plants02:50

Transgenic Plants

Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
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Transgenic Organisms

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Transgenic Organisms00:53

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Plant Breeding and Biotechnology01:59

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology

Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Protocols for Robust Herbicide Resistance Testing in Different Weed Species
10:52

Protocols for Robust Herbicide Resistance Testing in Different Weed Species

Published on: July 2, 2015

Engineering herbicide tolerance in transgenic plants.

D M Shah, R B Horsch, H J Klee

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |July 25, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Scientists developed glyphosate-tolerant petunia plants by amplifying the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase gene. This genetic modification resulted in overproduction of the EPSP synthase enzyme, conferring resistance to the herbicide.

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    Measuring Rates of Herbicide Metabolism in Dicot Weeds with an Excised Leaf Assay
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    Measuring Rates of Herbicide Metabolism in Dicot Weeds with an Excised Leaf Assay

    Published on: September 7, 2015

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    Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

    Protocols for Robust Herbicide Resistance Testing in Different Weed Species
    10:52

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    Published on: July 2, 2015

    Measuring Rates of Herbicide Metabolism in Dicot Weeds with an Excised Leaf Assay
    10:49

    Measuring Rates of Herbicide Metabolism in Dicot Weeds with an Excised Leaf Assay

    Published on: September 7, 2015

    Area of Science:

    • Plant Biotechnology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Glyphosate is a widely used herbicide that inhibits the essential plant enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase.
    • Developing herbicide tolerance in crops is crucial for efficient weed management in agriculture.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To genetically engineer glyphosate tolerance in Petunia hybrida.
    • To investigate gene amplification as a mechanism for herbicide resistance.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolated a complementary DNA (cDNA) clone encoding EPSP synthase from a glyphosate-tolerant cell line (MP4-G).
    • Amplified the EPSP synthase gene 20-fold in petunia cells, leading to increased messenger RNA and enzyme production.
    • Constructed a chimeric EPSP synthase gene using the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter for high-level expression.

    Main Results:

    • Transformed petunia cells and regenerated transgenic plants exhibited significant tolerance to glyphosate.
    • The gene amplification strategy successfully led to overproduction of EPSP synthase.
    • The chimeric gene construct facilitated high-level expression of the target enzyme.

    Conclusions:

    • Gene amplification is an effective strategy for conferring herbicide tolerance in plants.
    • Transgenic petunia plants engineered with an amplified EPSP synthase gene demonstrate practical resistance to glyphosate.
    • This research provides a foundation for developing herbicide-resistant crops through targeted gene manipulation.