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Terrestrial atmospheric composition from stellar occultations.

P B Hays, R G Roble, A N Shah

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |May 19, 1972
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Orbiting Astronomical Observatory-2 (OAO-2) satellite data revealed nighttime molecular oxygen and ozone profiles. Stellar ultraviolet photometers measured atmospheric absorption, providing crucial density data for Earth's upper atmosphere.

    Area of Science:

    • Atmospheric Science
    • Astrophysics
    • Remote Sensing

    Background:

    • Earth's upper atmosphere absorbs stellar ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
    • Ozone and molecular oxygen are primary absorbers of UV light in the atmosphere.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine nighttime vertical number density profiles of molecular oxygen and ozone.
    • To utilize stellar occultation data for atmospheric composition analysis.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized stellar ultraviolet photometers aboard the Orbiting Astronomical Observatory-2 (OAO-2) satellite.
    • Measured changes in stellar intensity during Earth's atmospheric occultation.
    • Analyzed occultation data to derive atmospheric density profiles.

    Main Results:

    Related Experiment Videos

    • Obtained nighttime vertical number density profiles for molecular oxygen (120-200 km altitude).
    • Obtained nighttime vertical number density profiles for ozone (60-100 km altitude).

    Conclusions:

    • Stellar occultation is an effective method for profiling atmospheric constituents.
    • The study provides valuable data on nighttime ozone and molecular oxygen distribution in the upper atmosphere.