[Surgical risk: some problems and methods of analysis].

Area of Science:

• Medical decision-making
• Surgical risk assessment
• Patient safety

Context:

• Distinguishes between surgeon's decisions in risk situations and extreme necessity.
• Highlights the absence of choice and inevitable harm in extreme necessity.
• Notes the subjective nature of operative risk evaluation based on surgeon experience.

Purpose:

• To explore the differences in surgical decision-making under varying levels of risk.
• To address the challenge of subjective operative risk evaluation.
• To propose solutions for a more objective assessment of surgical risks.

Summary:

• Operative risk evaluation is often subjective, relying on surgeon experience due to discrepancies between objective risk and subjective perception.
• Current methods for quantifying operative risk include matrices, estimation expressions, decision trees, and statistical approaches.
• An effective classification of operative risk criteria is proposed as a means to achieve adequate scientific evaluation.

Impact:

• Facilitates a more accurate and scientific understanding of operative risk.
• Promotes the development of standardized methods for surgical risk assessment.
• Emphasizes the need for an interdisciplinary approach to comprehensively solve the problem of operative risk.