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Halo Effect

Halo Effect

The halo effect is a cognitive bias in which an individual's overall impression influences judgments about their specific traits. This psychological phenomenon leads people to associate positive characteristics with those they perceive as generally good and negative characteristics with those they view as bad. This effect is particularly influential in social perception, professional evaluations, and decision-making processes.The Psychological Basis of the Halo EffectThe halo effect is rooted...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization on DNA Halo Preparations to Reveal Whole Chromosomes, Telomeres and Gene Loci

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The 46{degrees} Halo and Its Arcs.

R G Greenler, J R Mueller, W Hahn

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|November 9, 1979

Summary

Simulating light patterns from ice crystals reveals how different orientations create atmospheric optical phenomena like halos and arcs. This research explains the formation of various sky light displays caused by hexagonal ice crystals.

Area of Science:

Atmospheric optics
Crystallography
Light scattering

Background:

Ice crystals, typically hexagonal prisms, refract and reflect sunlight.
The orientation of ice crystals significantly influences the resulting atmospheric optical phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

To simulate and analyze the light patterns produced by hexagonal ice crystals with various orientations.
To understand the formation mechanisms of halos and arcs in the sky.

Main Methods:

Computer ray tracing was used to simulate light passing through hexagonal prism faces.
Simulations were performed for different distributions of crystal orientations and solar elevations.

Main Results:

Randomly oriented crystals produce a 46-degree halo.

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Horizontal plate crystals create circumzenithal and circumhorizontal arcs.

Horizontal column crystals generate supralateral and infralateral arcs.

Spinning plate crystals form arcs near the 46-degree halo.

Conclusions:

Crystal shape and orientation are critical determinants of observed atmospheric optical phenomena.
Computer simulations effectively model the complex light interactions with ice crystals to explain sky light patterns.