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Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements
09:36

Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements

Published on: June 25, 2021

New experimental data on atmospheric propagation.

R R Shannon, C Ceccon, W S Smith

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |December 14, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Atmospheric turbulence significantly impacts light wave propagation. This study quantifies turbulence effects on vertical light paths, aligning with inertial theory predictions.

    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Atmospheric Science
    • Optics

    Background:

    • Atmospheric turbulence is known to affect electromagnetic wave propagation.
    • Understanding these effects is crucial for various applications, including remote sensing and optical communication.
    • Previous studies have relied on indirect measurements or theoretical models.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To directly measure the impact of atmospheric turbulence on spherical light wave propagation.
    • To investigate these effects along a vertical atmospheric path.
    • To compare experimental results with existing turbulence theories and models.

    Main Methods:

    • Conducting experiments to measure the effect of atmospheric turbulence on light propagation.
    • Utilizing a vertical path for light wave transmission.

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    Surface Renewal: An Advanced Micrometeorological Method for Measuring and Processing Field-Scale Energy Flux Density Data
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    Surface Renewal: An Advanced Micrometeorological Method for Measuring and Processing Field-Scale Energy Flux Density Data

    Published on: December 12, 2013

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    Exploring the Effects of Atmospheric Forcings on Evaporation: Experimental Integration of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Shallow Subsurface
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  • Analyzing the magnitude of the effect under diverse environmental conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • The study successfully determined the magnitude of turbulence effects on light propagation.
    • Results showed good agreement with the functional form predicted by the inertial theory of turbulence.
    • Experimental data generally aligned with low-frequency radar scattering data and some turbulence profile models.

    Conclusions:

    • Direct measurements confirm the significant influence of atmospheric turbulence on light wave propagation.
    • The findings support the inertial theory of turbulence.
    • Discrepancies with time-integrating sensors were identified, highlighting potential limitations of certain measurement techniques.