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Maternal hydrops syndrome: a review.

M van Selm1, H H Kanhai, J B Gravenhorst

  • 1Department of Obstetrics, University Hospital, Leiden, The Netherlands.

Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey
|December 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Maternal hydrops syndrome, a severe pregnancy complication, occurred in three cases of fetal hydrops despite treatment. Low hematocrit was identified as a key factor in this serious maternal condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Reproductive Immunology

Background:

  • Maternal hydrops syndrome, also known as Ballantyne syndrome, mirror syndrome, pseudotoxemia, or triple edema, is a preeclampsia-like condition.
  • It is associated with severe fetal and/or placental hydrops, posing significant risks to both mother and fetus.

Observation:

  • This report details three cases of severe immunological fetal-placental hydrops leading to fetal demise, even after intrauterine transfusions.
  • All affected mothers exhibited severe hydrops syndrome, with one experiencing an eclamptic convulsion.
  • Common maternal findings included anemia, low hematocrit, and elevated plasma uric acid levels.

Findings:

  • Severe fetal-placental hydrops can precipitate maternal hydrops syndrome.
  • Anemia and low hematocrit appear to be significant pathophysiological features of maternal hydrops syndrome.

Implications:

  • Early recognition and management of fetal hydrops are crucial to potentially prevent maternal hydrops syndrome.
  • Further research into the role of hematocrit in the pathophysiology of maternal hydrops syndrome is warranted.
  • Understanding these associations may improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for high-risk pregnancies.

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