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The most luminous stars.

R M Humphreys, K Davidson

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |January 20, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Massive stars, over a million times the sun's brightness, are unstable and lose mass through outbursts. Their evolution differs from less luminous stars due to turbulence and high radiation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Astronomy and Astrophysics
    • Stellar Evolution

    Background:

    • Focuses on stars with luminosities exceeding one million times that of the Sun.
    • Highlights recent advancements in observational and theoretical understanding of these luminous stars.
    • Notes their spectroscopic observability even in nearby galaxies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the characteristics and evolutionary pathways of extremely luminous stars.
    • To understand the impact of stellar instabilities and mass loss on their evolution.
    • To explore theoretical models considering turbulence, mixing, and radiation density.

    Main Methods:

    • Spectroscopic observation of luminous stars in nearby galaxies.
    • Analysis of observational data to identify stellar instabilities and mass-loss events.

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  • Development and application of theoretical models incorporating turbulence, mixing, and high radiation densities.

    • Main Results:

    • Extremely luminous stars exhibit significant instabilities and undergo violent outbursts, leading to substantial mass loss.
    • These stars do not follow the typical evolutionary path to becoming red supergiants.
    • Theoretical models suggest turbulence, mixing, and high radiation densities are critical factors in their evolution.

    Conclusions:

    • The evolution of the most massive stars is significantly influenced by their inherent instabilities and mass-loss phenomena.
    • Standard stellar evolution models may not fully capture the behavior of stars exceeding a million solar luminosities.
    • Further theoretical and observational studies are needed to refine our understanding of these extreme stellar objects.