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Hyperventilation in children with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)
Y A Kasim1, K E Anky Tri Rini, S P Sumarmo
1Department of Child Health, Medical School University of Indonesia, Jakarta.
Insights
This study on Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) found that respiratory issues like alveolar hyperventilation and hypoxemia are common. Oxygen therapy can help manage these respiratory disturbances in DHF patients.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Infectious Diseases
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) can lead to severe respiratory complications due to plasma leakage and capillary damage.
- Hypoxemia and subsequent hyperventilation are observed respiratory disturbances in DHF patients.
- Limited research has focused on the specific respiratory status and ventilatory patterns in DHF.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the ventilatory patterns in patients with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS).
- To evaluate the effectiveness of oxygen therapy in improving respiratory disturbances, specifically alveolar hyperventilation, in DHF patients.
Main Methods:
- A 6-month observational study (May-September 1988) involving 85 hospitalized DHF patients.
- Assessment of ventilatory patterns and respiratory parameters.
- Intervention with oxygen therapy to observe its effect on respiratory disturbances.
Main Results:
- Significant differences in the incidence of alveolar hyperventilation were observed between DHF grade II and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS).
- Hypoxemia occurred in both DHF grade II and DSS with no significant difference.
- Metabolic acidosis incidence differed significantly between DHF grade II and DSS.
- Oxygen therapy in DHF II patients with hyperventilation led to a significant decrease in respiration rate and a non-significant increase in PaCO2.
Conclusions:
- Respiratory disturbances, including alveolar hyperventilation and hypoxemia, are significant clinical features of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS).
- Oxygen therapy demonstrates a potential benefit in managing hyperventilation and improving respiratory parameters in DHF patients.
- Further research into the respiratory pathophysiology of DHF is warranted.
Abstract:
Many studies of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) have been done but only a few revealed the respiratory status. Respiratory problems arise because of plasma leakage through the damaged capillaries, causing lung edema and in turn result in hypoxemia. This later on will be compensated by a hyperventilation state. During a 6-month-period (May to September 1988), two aspects were studied in 85 patients hospitalized with DHF. First, the ventilatory pattern and second, the result of giving oxygen support in improving the respiratory disturbance, in this case alveolar hyperventilation. The incidence of alveolar hyperventilation in DHF grade II (DHF II) and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS) differed significantly. Hypoxemia occurred in DHF II and DSS with no significant differences. The difference of the incidence of metabolic acidosis in DHF II and DSS were significant. In DHF II patients having had hyperventilation state, oxygen therapy decreased respiration rate significantly and increased the PaCO2 though not significantly.