Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Microbial Interactions: Cooperation

Microbial Interactions: Cooperation

Microbial cooperation involves beneficial interactions in which different species work together for individual or mutual advantage. These interactions can profoundly influence ecological dynamics and evolutionary processes, and they are essential to many pathogenic and symbiotic relationships.Nematode–Bacteria CooperationA striking example is the relationship between the Gram-negative bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila and the parasitic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae. Juvenile nematodes...

Evolutionary Psychology

Evolutionary Psychology

Evolutionary psychology explores the origins of human behavior and mental processes by framing them within the context of natural selection, a theory famously propounded by Charles Darwin. This field asserts that many behaviors common across human societies — ranging from instinctive fear reactions to complex social interactions — arose as evolutionary adaptations. These adaptations enhanced the survival and reproductive success of our ancestors, thereby becoming embedded in the human psyche...

Inclusive Fitness

Inclusive Fitness

Most altruistic behavior—in which one animal helps another at a cost to themselves—occurs between relatives. Scientists think these altruistic behaviors evolved because they increase the inclusive fitness of the animal providing help.

Convergent Evolution

Convergent Evolution

Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.The structures that arise from convergent evolution are called analogous structures. They are similar in function even if they are dissimilar in structure. Further, structures can be analogous while also...

Robbers Cave

Robbers Cave

During the 1950s, the landmark Robbers Cave experiment demonstrated that when groups must compete with one another, intergroup conflict, hostility, and even violence may result. At the Oklahoman summer camp, two troops of boys—termed the Rattlers and the Eagles—took part in a week-long tournament. During this time, their negativity culminated in derogatory name-calling, fistfights, and even vandalism and destruction of property. However, this work also revealed that such tension could be...

Evolution of New Traits in Microbes

Evolution of New Traits in Microbes

Microorganisms evolve rapidly due to their large population sizes and short generation times, often exhibiting measurable changes within days under laboratory conditions. Natural selection acts on standing genetic variation, enabling the retention and amplification of beneficial traits that confer fitness advantages in changing environments.Adaptive Pigment Regulation in RhodobacterIn Rhodobacter, a genus of purple non-sulfur bacteria, light-harvesting pigments such as bacteriochlorophyll and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Multimodal Biomarkers That Predict the Presence of Gleason Pattern 4: Potential Impact for Active Surveillance.

The Journal of urology·2023

Same author

Cancer cells employ an evolutionarily conserved polyploidization program to resist therapy.

Seminars in cancer biology·2020

Same author

Evaluation of critical congenital heart defects screening using pulse oximetry in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association·2017

Same author

Textile Aging Characterization on New Generations of Explanted Commercial Endoprostheses: A Preliminary Study.

European journal of vascular and endovascular surgery : the official journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery·2017

Same author

Development and Implementation of a Registry of Patients Attending Multidisciplinary Pain Treatment Clinics: The Quebec Pain Registry.

Pain research & management·2017

Same author

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio associated with prognosis of lung cancer.

Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico·2016

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Monitoring Spatial Segregation in Surface Colonizing Microbial Populations

Monitoring Spatial Segregation in Surface Colonizing Microbial Populations

Published on: October 29, 2016

The further evolution of cooperation.

R Axelrod, D Dion

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|December 9, 1988

Summary

Axelrod's model shows cooperation evolves through reciprocity in the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma. Further research explores factors like player number and population structure influencing cooperative strategies.

Area of Science:

Evolutionary Game Theory
Behavioral Ecology

Background:

Axelrod's model established cooperation's prevalence via reciprocity in iterated Prisoner's Dilemma.
Empirical studies confirm cooperation's basis in reciprocity.

Purpose of the Study:

To deepen the theoretical understanding of factors influencing the evolution of cooperation.
To explore the impact of various parameters on cooperative strategies.

Main Methods:

Theoretical analysis of the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma.
Examination of factors including player number, choice variation, payoff structure, noise, future implications, population dynamics, and structure.

Main Results:

Reciprocity is a key driver for cooperation.

More Related Videos

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

Published on: January 19, 2019

A Practical Guide to Phage- and Robotics-Assisted Near-Continuous Evolution

A Practical Guide to Phage- and Robotics-Assisted Near-Continuous Evolution

Published on: January 12, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Monitoring Spatial Segregation in Surface Colonizing Microbial Populations

Monitoring Spatial Segregation in Surface Colonizing Microbial Populations

Published on: October 29, 2016

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

The HoneyComb Paradigm for Research on Collective Human Behavior

Published on: January 19, 2019

A Practical Guide to Phage- and Robotics-Assisted Near-Continuous Evolution

A Practical Guide to Phage- and Robotics-Assisted Near-Continuous Evolution

Published on: January 12, 2024

Cooperation is influenced by the number of players, choice ranges, and payoff variations.

Population dynamics and structure significantly affect cooperative outcomes.

Conclusions:

The evolution of cooperation is a multifaceted process.
Understanding these factors is crucial for predicting and fostering cooperation in various systems.