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Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Published on: January 20, 2023
Predictors of anterior pituitary insufficiency after traumatic brain injury
M Schneider1, H J Schneider, A Yassouridis
1Neurological Clinic Bad Aibling, Kolbermoorer Strasse, Bad Aibling, Germany. schneider@mpipsykl.mpg.de
Background:
Several studies have reported a high prevalence of hypopituitarism after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Risk stratification is a prerequisite for cost-effective hormonal screening of these patients. However, it is still unclear which risk factors predispose patients to develop anterior hypopituitarism after TBI.
Objective:
To assess clinical and radiological risk factors for post-traumatic hypopituitarism.
Patients And Methods:
Seventy-eight consecutive patients (52 men, 26 women; mean age 36.0 years, range 18-65 years) with mild, moderate or severe TBI were studied. Endocrine and clinical parameters were assessed 3 and 12 months after TBI.
Results:
We found diffuse axonal injury, basal skull fracture and older age to be major risk factors of post-traumatic hypopituitarism.
Conclusions:
We have defined specific risk factors for the development of post-traumatic hypopituitarism that are consistent with pathophysiological considerations. These findings might help to identify at-risk patients.
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