Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material
Published on: December 20, 2024
Light-activation of resin cement through ceramic: relationship between irradiance intensity and bond strength to
Rafael R Moraes1, Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho, Mário A C Sinhoreti
1Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Materials Area, Piracicaba School of Dentistry, State University of Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Abstract:
This study investigated the relationship between the irradiance transmitted through ceramic and the bond strength of a resin cement to dentin. After application of an adhesive system, elastomer molds with cylindrical orifices (1.2 mm in diameter) were placed onto bovine dentin surfaces and filled with a photoactivated luting agent (Enforce; Dentsply Caulk). Light-activation was performed through a 0.6-mm-thick ceramic disc using different intensities: 250, 400, 550, 700, or 850 mW/cm(2). Control specimens were irradiated without ceramic (1050 mW/cm(2)). The radiant exposure was kept at 30 J/cm(2). Light spectral distribution was analyzed with a spectrometer. Microshear test was conducted and modes of failure were classified under SEM. Bond strength data were analyzed with ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls' test (alpha < or = 0.05), and failure scores with the Kruskal-Wallis test (alpha < or = 0.05). A linear regression model assessed the relationship between irradiance and bond strength. Groups light-cured at 250 and 400 mW/cm(2) presented lower bond strengths than groups activated at 850 and 1050 mW/cm(2). The linear regression showed that a decrease in light irradiance predicts a decrease in bond strength (r(2) = 0.955; p = 0.004). A predominance of mixed failures was observed. No significant alteration in the spectral wavelengths was observed. Despite the constant energy dose, the bond strength was dependent upon the irradiance level.
Related Concept Videos
Bonding and Strength of Aggregate
Strength and Heat of Hydration
The heat of hydration for each cement compound is significant; for instance, tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and...
IR Spectrum Peak Intensity: Amount of IR-Active Bonds
Hydration of Cement
IR Spectrum Peak Intensity: Dipole Moment
Accelerated Curing of Concrete