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Flame Experiments at the Advanced Light Source: New Insights into Soot Formation Processes

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Published on: May 26, 2014

Fine particles in the soufriere eruption plume.

D C Woods, R L Chuan

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|June 4, 1982

Summary

Volcanic ash particles from the Soufriere eruption showed two distinct size distributions. Larger particles contained aluminum and silicon, while smaller ones were coated in sulfuric acid.

Area of Science:

Geochemistry
Atmospheric Science
Volcanology

Background:

Volcanic eruptions release significant amounts of particulate matter into the atmosphere.
Understanding the size and composition of these particles is crucial for assessing their environmental and climatic impact.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the size distribution and chemical composition of fine particles from the Soufriere Volcano eruption plume.
To characterize the different modes of particle formation and their constituents.

Main Methods:

Particle size distribution measurements were conducted at tropospheric altitudes and in low-level effluents.
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) were used to determine particle composition.

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Main Results:

Particle size distributions were bimodal, with peaks at 1.1 and 0.23 micrometers.
Larger particles (1.1 micrometers) were rich in aluminum and silicon, with trace elements including sodium, magnesium, chlorine, potassium, calcium, and iron.
Submicrometer particles (0.23 micrometers) were coated with a liquid containing sulfur, identified as likely sulfuric acid.

Conclusions:

The Soufriere eruption produced a complex mixture of volcanic aerosols.
Distinct particle populations with different compositions and origins were identified.
The presence of sulfuric acid on smaller particles suggests gas-to-particle conversion processes within the plume.