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Plant productivity and environment.

J S Boyer

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |October 29, 1982
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Unlocking crop yield potential requires better plant adaptation to diverse environments. Understanding the genetic mechanisms behind this adaptation offers substantial opportunities for agricultural productivity gains.

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    Area of Science:

    • Agricultural Science
    • Plant Genetics
    • Environmental Adaptation

    Background:

    • Significant genetic yield potential in major U.S. crops remains unrealized due to poor environmental adaptation.
    • Native plant populations demonstrate high productivity in challenging environments, indicating substantial improvement opportunities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the unrealized genetic potential for crop yield.
    • To emphasize the need for improved plant adaptation to diverse growing environments.
    • To explore the fundamental mechanisms of genotypic selection for environmental adaptation.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of major U.S. crop genetic data.
    • Review of evidence from native plant populations.
    • Assessment of recent scientific advances in understanding plant adaptation mechanisms.

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    Main Results:

    • A large gap exists between current and potential crop yields, primarily due to environmental mismatches.
    • Environmental adaptation is a key factor for high crop productivity, even in unfavorable conditions.
    • Fundamental mechanisms driving genotypic adaptation are poorly understood but increasingly explorable.

    Conclusions:

    • Improving crop adaptation to specific environments is crucial for realizing genetic yield potential.
    • Further research into the mechanisms of plant adaptation can lead to significant agricultural productivity increases.
    • Exploiting genetic adaptation offers a promising pathway to enhance crop production in challenging environments.