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Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
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Structures of Solids

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Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...

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$Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction and Fluorescence Imaging of Mineral and Rock Samples$

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Asbestiform chain silicates: new minerals and structural groups.

D R Veblen, P R Buseck, C W Burnham

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 28, 1977

Summary

Biopyribole minerals exhibit complex structures, including triple chains and disorder, explaining amphibole fiber formation. Further research is needed to understand pyroxene-amphibole transitions and their petrological implications.

Area of Science:

Mineralogy
Geology
Materials Science

Background:

Biopyriboles, minerals intermediate between amphiboles and micas, possess more complex structures than previously understood.
These minerals exhibit single-chain, double-chain, sheet, triple-chain, and alternating double- and triple-chain structures.
Structural disorder in biopyriboles is common, with isolated chains wider than triple chains frequently observed.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize novel ordered and disordered mineral phases between amphiboles and micas.
To investigate the structural complexity of the biopyribole mineral family.
To explore the implications of structural disorder in mineral phases for geological interpretations.

Main Methods:

Crystallographic analysis to determine ordered and disordered structures.

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Microscopy and spectroscopy for mineral characterization.

Comparative studies of mineral structures and their formation environments.

Main Results:

Discovery and characterization of intermediate phases between amphiboles and micas, expanding the biopyribole family.
Identification of triple-chain and alternating double/triple-chain structures within biopyriboles.
Explanation of asbestiform amphibole fibrous nature due to structural disorder.

Conclusions:

Biopyriboles represent a complex mineral family with diverse chain structures and significant disorder.
Structural disorder in biopyriboles provides insights into the fibrous nature of asbestiform amphiboles.
Further investigation into pyroxene-amphibole analogous structures is crucial for accurate petrological assessments.