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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Continuous In-woods Production of Biochar Using a Trailer-Mounted Air Curtain Burner
03:42

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Published on: April 5, 2024

Amazon rain-forest fires.

R L Sanford, J Saldarriaga, K E Clark

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |January 4, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Charcoal in Amazonian soils indicates frequent rain forest fires since the mid-Holocene epoch. These fires, likely caused by climate shifts or human activity, were most prevalent in specific soil types.

    Area of Science:

    • * Amazonian ecology
    • * Paleoenvironmental studies
    • * Soil science

    Background:

    • * Mature rain forests in the north central Amazon Basin contain charcoal deposits.
    • * Charcoal presence suggests a history of significant fire events in the region.
    • * The distribution of charcoal varies across different forest and soil types.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • * To investigate the occurrence and timing of past rain forest fires in the Amazon Basin.
    • * To determine the relationship between charcoal distribution and soil types.
    • * To explore potential causes of these historical fires.

    Main Methods:

    • * Soil sampling in mature rain forests near San Carlos de Rio Negro.
    • * Carbon-14 dating of charcoal found in soil samples.

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    Published on: April 5, 2024

    Wind Tunnel Experiments to Study Chaparral Crown Fires
    09:27

    Wind Tunnel Experiments to Study Chaparral Crown Fires

    Published on: November 14, 2017

  • * Analysis of charcoal distribution across Oxisols, Ultisols, caatinga, and igapo soils.

    • Main Results:

    • * Charcoal is widespread in tierra firme forest Oxisols and Ultisols.
    • * Carbon-14 dating reveals numerous fires occurred since the mid-Holocene epoch.
    • * Charcoal is less prevalent in caatinga and igapo forest soils.

    Conclusions:

    • * The Amazon Basin has experienced recurrent rain forest fires throughout the mid-Holocene and beyond.
    • * Fire frequency and distribution are influenced by soil type.
    • * Both climatic changes and human activities are plausible drivers of these historical rain forest fires.