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Related Concept Videos

Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...
Determination of Crystal Structures01:29

Determination of Crystal Structures

In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
Crystal Density01:19

Crystal Density

The crystal lattice structure of a material allows us to determine how many molecules exist in its unit cell. With this information, alongside the unit-cell parameters - three distance parameters (a, b, c) and three angular parameters (α, β, γ).Density (ρ) = (Z × M) / (a × b × c × NA)where:Z is the number of formula units per unit cellM is the molar mass of the substancea, b, and c are the edge lengths of the unit cellNA is Avogadro’s numberFor a simple cubic lattice, atoms are located only at...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Probing C84-embedded Si Substrate Using Scanning Probe Microscopy and Molecular Dynamics
13:58

Probing C84-embedded Si Substrate Using Scanning Probe Microscopy and Molecular Dynamics

Published on: September 28, 2016

Computer-simulation methods in the study of noncrystalline materials.

F Yonezawa

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |April 30, 1993
    PubMed
    Summary

    Computer simulations offer a powerful third approach in physics, complementing experimental and theoretical methods. These numerical simulations are crucial for understanding non-crystalline materials like liquids and glasses.

    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Materials Science
    • Computational Science

    Background:

    • Experimental and theoretical physics are traditional approaches.
    • Computer-assisted physics emerges as a significant third pillar.
    • Non-crystalline materials present unique challenges for study.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the role of computer simulations in physics.
    • To discuss the application of numerical simulations to non-crystalline materials.
    • To explore the utility of computational methods in materials science.

    Main Methods:

    • Numerical simulations
    • Computer modeling
    • Computational physics techniques

    Main Results:

    More Related Videos

    Analyzing Melts and Fluids from Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations with the UMD Package
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    Analyzing Melts and Fluids from Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations with the UMD Package

    Published on: September 17, 2021

    Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
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    Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

    Published on: June 7, 2018

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

    Probing C84-embedded Si Substrate Using Scanning Probe Microscopy and Molecular Dynamics
    13:58

    Probing C84-embedded Si Substrate Using Scanning Probe Microscopy and Molecular Dynamics

    Published on: September 28, 2016

    Analyzing Melts and Fluids from Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations with the UMD Package
    06:37

    Analyzing Melts and Fluids from Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations with the UMD Package

    Published on: September 17, 2021

    Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
    08:55

    Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

    Published on: June 7, 2018

    • Computer simulations provide valuable insights into non-crystalline materials.
    • Applications in liquids, glasses, amorphous solids, and liquid crystals are demonstrated.
    • The effectiveness of computational approaches is shown.

    Conclusions:

    • Computer-assisted physics is a vital research paradigm.
    • Numerical simulations are indispensable for studying complex materials.
    • The discussed applications showcase the potential of computational physics.