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[Ectopic thyroid gland].

G Paludetti1, J Galli, G Almadori

  • 1Istituto di Clinica Otorinolaringoiatrica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Roma.

Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica : Organo Ufficiale Della Societa Italiana Di Otorinolaringologia E Chirurgia Cervico-Facciale
|March 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Ectopic lingual thyroid, a rare condition, requires careful diagnosis using imaging and blood tests. Surgery is recommended for airway obstruction or suspected malignancy, with median pharyngotomy being a preferred approach.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Head and Neck Surgery
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Ectopic lingual thyroid is a rare congenital anomaly where thyroid tissue is found at the base of the tongue.
  • Understanding its etiopathogenesis is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.

Observation:

  • Four cases of ectopic lingual thyroid were analyzed.
  • Diagnostic methods included clinical examination, neck scintigraphy, echography, CT scan, blood tests (T3, T4, TSH), and fine needle aspiration.
  • The presence of thyroid tissue in other sites was identified.

Findings:

  • Surgical intervention is indicated for patients with upper airway obstruction unresponsive to suppressive therapy or with signs of malignant degeneration.
  • Median pharyngotomy offers optimal visualization and control during mass excision.

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  • Tracheotomy is generally not required.

    • Implications:

    • Early and accurate diagnosis of ectopic lingual thyroid is essential for timely intervention.
    • Surgical management, particularly median pharyngotomy, can effectively address symptomatic ectopic lingual thyroid.
    • Post-surgical hormonal evaluation guides the need for potential hormone replacement therapy.