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Fuel ethanol from cellulosic biomass.

L R Lynd, J H Cushman, R J Nichols

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |March 15, 1991
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cellulosic ethanol shows promise as a large-scale transportation fuel, offering environmental and energy security benefits. Conversion economics remains the primary challenge, but cost-competitiveness is anticipated within ten years.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomass Energy
    • Renewable Fuels
    • Transportation Technology

    Background:

    • Ethanol derived from cellulosic biomass is a potential large-scale transportation fuel.
    • Its use offers benefits for urban air quality, climate change mitigation, trade balance, and energy security.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate cellulosic ethanol as a viable large-scale transportation fuel.
    • To identify barriers and prospects for its widespread adoption.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of fuel properties and associated benefits.
    • Assessment of energy balance, feedstock availability, and environmental impact.
    • Evaluation of conversion economics and technological advancements.

    Main Results:

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    • Favorable fuel properties and significant environmental/security benefits identified.
    • Energy balance, feedstock supply, and environmental impact are not major barriers.
    • Conversion economics is the principal obstacle to widespread use.

    Conclusions:

    • Widespread adoption of cellulosic ethanol is feasible.
    • Research-driven improvements are expected to overcome economic challenges.
    • Cost-competitive cellulosic ethanol production is projected within a decade.