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Related Concept Videos

Radiation: Applications01:17

Radiation: Applications

The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
The average...
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As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
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What is Climate?01:16

What is Climate?

Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
What is Weather?01:07

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Global Climate Change01:50

Global Climate Change

Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
Variation of Atmospheric Pressure01:18

Variation of Atmospheric Pressure

Change in atmospheric pressure with height is particularly interesting. The decrease in atmospheric pressure with increasing altitude is due to the decreasing gravitational force per unit area as we move away from the surface of the earth.
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Let p(y) be the atmospheric pressure at...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Measurement of Aerosols Optical Thickness of the Atmosphere using the GLOBE Handheld Sun Photometer
06:27

Measurement of Aerosols Optical Thickness of the Atmosphere using the GLOBE Handheld Sun Photometer

Published on: May 29, 2019

Factors governing tropospheric mean temperature.

R E Newell, B C Weare

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |December 24, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Volcanic aerosols from eruptions like Mt. Agung significantly cool tropical troposphere temperatures. Atlantic sea surface temperatures have a minor impact on these tropical climate patterns.

    Area of Science:

    • Climatology and Atmospheric Science
    • Volcanology
    • Oceanography

    Background:

    • Tropical troposphere temperature is influenced by various climate factors.
    • Pacific sea surface temperatures are known drivers of tropical climate variability.
    • The role of other potential factors, such as Atlantic sea surface temperatures and volcanic aerosols, requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the influence of Atlantic sea surface temperatures and volcanic aerosols on tropical troposphere mean temperatures.
    • To quantify the impact of major volcanic eruptions on tropical troposphere temperatures.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of historical climate data, focusing on sea surface temperatures and atmospheric temperatures.
    • Case study of the Mt. Agung eruption's impact on global temperature records.

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    Main Results:

    • The Mt. Agung eruption in March 1963 caused a notable decrease of approximately 0.5 degrees C in the mean temperature of the tropical troposphere.
    • Atlantic sea surface temperatures were found to have an insignificant effect on tropical troposphere mean temperatures.

    Conclusions:

    • Volcanic aerosols represent a significant factor influencing tropical troposphere temperatures.
    • Pacific sea surface temperatures and volcanic activity are key drivers of tropical climate variability, while Atlantic influences are minimal.