Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Accelerated Type 1 Diabetes Induction in Mice by Adoptive Transfer of Diabetogenic CD4+ T Cells
06:27

Accelerated Type 1 Diabetes Induction in Mice by Adoptive Transfer of Diabetogenic CD4+ T Cells

Published on: May 6, 2013

Increased Expression of Monocyte CD11b (Mac-1) in Overweight Recent-Onset Type 1 Diabetic Children

Vincenza Cifarelli1, Ingrid M Libman, Angela Deluca

  • 1Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children´s Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.

The Review of Diabetic Studies : RDS
|September 8, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients exhibit heightened monocyte activation and adhesion, indicating a proinflammatory state. Obesity exacerbates this monocyte activation in T1DM.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Inflammation is implicated in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) pathogenesis and vascular complications.
  • Obesity is associated with low-grade systemic inflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the inflammatory response in T1DM by analyzing monocyte activation markers.
  • To investigate the effects of glycemic control and BMI on monocyte phenotype in T1DM.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to analyze monocyte surface antigens (CD11b, CD49d, CD54, CD62L, CD64) in 51 T1DM patients.
  • Monocyte adhesion capacity to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was assessed.

Main Results:

  • Monocytes from T1DM patients showed higher CD11b expression at disease onset compared to 2 months post-diagnosis.
  • Elevated CD11b levels correlated with HbA1c < 8% and were significantly correlated with HbA1c.
  • Overweight T1DM children (BMI >/= 85th percentile) exhibited higher monocyte activation.
  • T1DM monocytes displayed increased adhesion to HUVEC.

Conclusions:

  • T1DM patients present with circulating immune cells in a proinflammatory state, characterized by primed or activated monocytes.
  • Obesity is a significant factor contributing to monocyte activation in diabetes.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Quantification of Monocyte Transmigration and Foam Cell Formation from Individuals with Chronic Inflammatory Conditions09:41

Quantification of Monocyte Transmigration and Foam Cell Formation from Individuals with Chronic Inflammatory Conditions

Published on: October 17, 2017

A Simple Flow Cytometric Method to Measure Glucose Uptake and Glucose Transporter Expression for Monocyte Subpopulations in Whole Blood06:28

A Simple Flow Cytometric Method to Measure Glucose Uptake and Glucose Transporter Expression for Monocyte Subpopulations in Whole Blood

Published on: August 12, 2016

Related Concept Videos

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction01:12

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...
Type II Diabetes I: Introduction01:26

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...
Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...
Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:24

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations

Type 1 diabetes mellitus typically presents with rapid-onset symptoms due to the body’s inability to utilize glucose in the absence of insulin. Since insulin is required for glucose uptake into cells, its deficiency leads to hyperglycemia and cellular energy deprivation, resulting in characteristic clinical features.Polyuria and PolydipsiaOne of the earliest, most prominent symptoms is polyuria (excessive urination). When blood glucose concentrations rise above the renal threshold, the kidneys...