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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

Imbalances in Cardiac Output

The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send blood...
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

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Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Cardiac Loading using Passive Left Atrial Pressurization and Passive Afterload for Graft Assessment
08:49

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Published on: August 2, 2024

Post-heart transplant diastolic dysfunction is a risk factor for mortality.

José A Tallaj1, James K Kirklin, Robert N Brown

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Medicine, Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. jtallaj@uab.edu

Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|September 11, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Diastolic dysfunction is common after heart transplants, decreasing over the first year. Right ventricular diastolic dysfunction, indicated by an elevated right atrial pressure/stroke volume ratio, predicts cardiac mortality, unlike left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.

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A Pre-Clinical Porcine Model of Orthotopic Heart Transplantation
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Published on: April 27, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Transplantation Medicine
  • Cardiac Physiology

Background:

  • Diastolic dysfunction (DD) is a known complication post-heart transplant.
  • Its incidence and natural history require further characterization.
  • This study investigates the prognostic significance of early post-transplant DD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of diastolic dysfunction within the first year after heart transplantation.
  • To evaluate the prognostic implication of early diastolic dysfunction on cardiac mortality.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 231-250 heart transplant recipients were assessed at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year post-transplant.
  • Diastolic dysfunction was defined by elevated filling pressures (RAP >/=15 mm Hg or PCWP >/=18 mm Hg) with preserved systolic function.
  • Right ventricular DD was specifically assessed using the RAP/SV ratio.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of DD was 22% at 6 weeks, decreasing to 8% at 6 months and 12% at 1 year.
  • Left ventricular DD was more prevalent than right ventricular DD.
  • Elevated RAP/SV ratio (RV DD) strongly predicted cardiac mortality, whereas LV DD did not.

Conclusions:

  • Diastolic dysfunction is a frequent early complication after heart transplantation, with incidence declining over the first year.
  • Right ventricular DD, identified by an elevated RAP/SV ratio, is a significant predictor of cardiac mortality.
  • Further research is needed to assess patient functional status and the impact of early DD treatment on outcomes.