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Updated: Jul 11, 2026
A Method for Quantifying Upper Limb Performance in Daily Life Using Accelerometers
Published on: April 21, 2017
The stroke upper-limb activity monitor: its sensitivity to measure hemiplegic upper-limb activity during daily life
Mark de Niet1, Johannes B Bussmann, Gerard M Ribbers
1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Objective:
To test the Stroke Upper-Limb Activity Monitor (Stroke-ULAM), which uses electrogoniometry and accelerometry to measure the amount of upper-limb usage in stroke patients in daily life conditions, for its sensitivity to discriminate between moderately recovered and well-recovered stroke patients and control subjects.
Design:
Cross-sectional study.
Setting:
At home or a rehabilitation center.
Participants:
Seventeen patients with stroke and 5 control subjects.
Interventions:
Not applicable.
Main Outcome Measure:
Level of usage of upper limb and the percentage of affected upper-limb activity compared with unaffected upper-limb activity (proportion).
Results:
The level of usage of the affected upper limb of stroke patients was lower than that of the nondominant upper limb of control subjects (electrogoniometry, 97.8 degrees+/-92.3 degrees/min vs 286.2 degrees+/-46.5 degrees/min, P<.01; accelerometry 1.0+/-0.5 g/min vs 2.4+/-0.8 g/min, P<.01). Stroke patients had lower proportions than control subjects in both electrogoniometry (22.6%+/-18.0% vs 84.6%+/-9.8%, P<.01) and accelerometry (39.2%+/-21.4% vs 93.3%+/-5.0%, P<.01). Well-recovered stroke patients had significantly higher proportions compared with moderately recovered patients on both electrogoniometry and accelerometry.
Conclusions:
The Stroke-ULAM sensitively measures actual performance, and therefore can be a valuable addition to the mostly capacity-oriented tools currently used to evaluate upper-limb function. Proportion is preferred to the level of usage.
