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Related Concept Videos

ATP Driven Pumps I: An Overview01:27

ATP Driven Pumps I: An Overview

ATP-driven pumps, also known as transport ATPases, are integral membrane proteins. They have binding sites for ATP located on the membrane's cytosolic side and the ion-conducting domain in the transmembrane region. These pumps use the free energy released from ATP hydrolysis to move the solutes across cell membranes against an electrochemical gradient.
There are four main types of ATP-driven pumps - P-type, V-type, F-type, and ABC transporter. All these pumps are of varying complexities and are...
Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
Pore Transport and Ion-Pair Transport01:17

Pore Transport and Ion-Pair Transport

Pore transport and ion-pair formation are critical mechanisms for the absorption and distribution of drugs in the body.
Pore transport, also known as convective transport, is a process where small molecules like urea, water, and sugars rapidly cross cell membranes as though there were channels or pores in the membrane. Although direct microscopic evidence is limited  but the concept of pores or channels is widely accepted based on physiological evidence. Despite the lack of direct microscopic...
Resting Potential Decay01:15

Resting Potential Decay

The resting membrane potential of a neuron (-70mV) is sustained due to the selective ion permeability of the membrane. At the resting potential, the membrane is slightly permeable to ions like sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl−) and highly permeable to potassium ions (K+). Differences in the ions' concentration inside the cell compared to the outside are maintained by membrane transport proteins like channels and pumps.
At rest, the K+ is the main ion that moves across the membrane through...
Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models00:57

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Diffusion

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Application of Electrophysiology Measurement to Study the Activity of Electro-Neutral Transporters
11:51

Application of Electrophysiology Measurement to Study the Activity of Electro-Neutral Transporters

Published on: February 3, 2018

Buffered diffusion around a spherical proton pumping cell: a theoretical analysis.

Giovanni Zifarelli1, Paolo Soliani, Michael Pusch

  • 1Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Genoa, Italy.

Biophysical Journal
|September 11, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study models proton (H+) diffusion outside cells to quantify membrane proton flux. It offers a new method using extracellular pH changes, bypassing intracellular measurements.

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Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Application of Electrophysiology Measurement to Study the Activity of Electro-Neutral Transporters
11:51

Application of Electrophysiology Measurement to Study the Activity of Electro-Neutral Transporters

Published on: February 3, 2018

Introduction to Solid Supported Membrane Based Electrophysiology
19:56

Introduction to Solid Supported Membrane Based Electrophysiology

Published on: May 11, 2013

Label-free Isolation and Enrichment of Cells Through Contactless Dielectrophoresis
10:38

Label-free Isolation and Enrichment of Cells Through Contactless Dielectrophoresis

Published on: September 3, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Proton (H+) ions are crucial for cellular transport across membranes.
  • Current methods for measuring proton flux rely on intracellular estimates, which have limitations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a model for estimating absolute proton flux across cell membranes.
  • To investigate the influence of extracellular factors on pH changes.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling extracellular proton diffusion assuming local equilibrium with a mobile buffer.
  • Utilizing accurate numerical simulations of the linearized, nonstationary diffusion equation.
  • Analyzing the range of validity for an explicit analytical solution.

Main Results:

  • Established a framework to quantify absolute membrane proton flux.
  • Demonstrated that extracellular pH changes correlate with proton flux.
  • Identified key parameters influencing extracellular pH dynamics: time, distance, buffer capacity, and flux.

Conclusions:

  • Extracellular pH measurements can reliably quantify membrane proton flux.
  • The model provides a valuable tool for studying cellular proton transport.
  • This approach offers an alternative to traditional intracellular measurement techniques.