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Electrophysiology and pacemaker function of the developing sinoatrial node.

Mirko Baruscotti1, Richard B Robinson

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Neurobiology, Department of Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Milano, Milan, Italy.

American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology
|September 11, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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The sinoatrial node

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • The sinoatrial node (SAN) is the heart's primary pacemaker, but its function changes throughout life.
  • Postnatal development involves significant alterations in ion channel expression and cellular composition within the SAN.
  • These developmental changes are crucial for the reliable functioning and maturation of the cardiac conduction system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on developmental changes in the sinoatrial node.
  • To focus on the maturation of ion channel expression profiles and their impact on cardiac automaticity.
  • To explore other relevant cellular and molecular changes occurring during SAN development.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing research on sinoatrial node development.

Related Experiment Videos

  • It analyzes studies investigating age-dependent changes in ion channel function, specifically Na(+) and Ca(2+) currents.
  • It also considers data on cellular components like fibroblasts and molecular markers such as connexin43.

    • Main Results:

    • The contribution of Na(+) and pacemaker currents to SAN automaticity is higher in newborns than adults.
    • An increased contribution of L-type Ca(2+) current partially counterbalances the age-dependent decrease in other currents.
    • Fibroblast content increases, and connexin43 non-expression areas expand in the mature SAN.

    Conclusions:

    • Evidence suggests a molecular basis for the developmental slowing of the intrinsic heart rate.
    • Maturation of the SAN involves complex changes in ion channel expression and cellular architecture.
    • Further research is needed for a comprehensive understanding of SAN developmental biology.