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Vascular complications in women after catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention 1998-2005

Robert J Applegate1, Matthew T Sacrinty, Michael A Kutcher

  • 1Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1045, USA. bapplega@wfubmc.edu

The Journal of Invasive Cardiology
|September 11, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Women initially faced higher vascular complication risks after cardiac procedures, but this trend reversed. By 2005, the risk for women undergoing cardiac catheterization (CATH) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was no longer significantly greater than for men.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Interventional Cardiology

Background:

  • Previous research indicates women have higher rates of vascular complications post-cardiac catheterization (CATH) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
  • It remains unclear if awareness of this gender disparity or implemented strategies have reduced complication rates in women.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal trends in vascular complication incidence in women undergoing CATH and PCI.
  • To determine if the previously observed gender disparity in vascular complications has changed over time.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 31,035 consecutive diagnostic CATH and PCI procedures performed via femoral access between 1998 and 2005.
  • Logistic regression models were used to assess the relative incidence of vascular complications, adjusted for baseline covariates.

Main Results:

  • Throughout the study period, women had a higher unadjusted incidence of vascular complications (2.0%) compared to men (1.0%).
  • Risk-adjusted analysis showed women had a 1.75-fold increased odds of complications for all procedures.
  • The incidence of vascular complications significantly decreased in women over time (p < 0.001), with no significant gender difference by 2005.

Conclusions:

  • Female gender was the strongest independent predictor of vascular complications after CATH and PCI.
  • A significant decline in vascular complication rates was observed in women over the 8-year study period.
  • By 2005, the elevated risk of vascular complications in women compared to men was no longer evident.
Abstract

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