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Related Concept Videos

Temperature Dependent Deformation01:12

Temperature Dependent Deformation

In a nonhomogeneous rod made up of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change, several steps are involved in calculating the stress and compressive load. Due to the problem's static indeterminacy, one end support is disconnected, allowing the rod to experience the temperature change freely. Next, an unknown force is applied at the free end, triggering deformations in the rod's steel and brass portions. These deformations are then calculated and added together...
Deformations in a Symmetric Member in Bending01:18

Deformations in a Symmetric Member in Bending

When analyzing the deformation of a symmetric prismatic member subjected to bending by equal and opposite couples, it becomes clear that as the member bends, the originally straight lines on its wider faces curve into circular arcs, with a constant radius centered at a point known as Point C. This phenomenon helps to understand the stress and strain distribution within the member more clearly.
When the member is segmented into tiny cubic elements, it is observed that the primary stress...
Deformations in a Transverse Cross Section01:21

Deformations in a Transverse Cross Section

When a material is subjected to uniaxial stress, it elongates or contracts in the direction of the applied force, and also undergoes changes in the perpendicular directions. This behavior is crucial for understanding how materials behave under stress and is governed by mechanical properties such as Poisson's ratio v, which measures the ratio of transverse strain to axial strain.
As the material stretches, it expands or contracts in orthogonal directions to the load. This phenomenon varies...
Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings01:11

Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings

When a rod is made of different materials or has various cross-sections, it must be divided into parts that meet the necessary conditions for determining the deformation. These parts are each characterized by their internal force, cross-sectional area, length, and modulus of elasticity. These parameters are then used to compute the deformation of the entire rod.
In the case of a member with a variable cross-section, the strain is not constant but depends on the position. The deformation of an...
Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry01:21

Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry

When a structural member undergoes plastic deformation due to bending, it is crucial to understand the position of the neutral axis and the stress distribution. This member, characterized by a single plane of symmetry, exhibits a uniform stress distribution, with negative stress above the neutral axis and positive stress below. Notably, the neutral axis does not align with the centroid of the cross-section. This misalignment is typical in cases where the cross-section is not rectangular or...
Cleavage and Blastulation01:33

Cleavage and Blastulation

After a large-single-celled zygote is produced via fertilization, the process of cleavage occurs while zygotes travel through the uterine tube. Cleavage is a mitotic cell division that does not result in growth. With each round of successive cell division, daughter cells get increasingly smaller.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 11, 2026

High-pressure, High-temperature Deformation Experiment Using the New Generation Griggs-type Apparatus
12:30

High-pressure, High-temperature Deformation Experiment Using the New Generation Griggs-type Apparatus

Published on: April 3, 2018

Deformation twins in hornblende.

T P Rooney, R E Riecker, M Ross

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |July 10, 1970
    PubMed
    Summary

    Hornblende single crystals were experimentally deformed to create twinning. This occurred under specific high-pressure and high-temperature conditions, revealing new insights into mineral deformation mechanisms.

    Area of Science:

    • Mineral Physics
    • Geology
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Hornblende is a common rock-forming mineral.
    • Understanding its deformation mechanisms is crucial for interpreting geological processes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To experimentally produce and characterize deformation twins in hornblende single crystals.
    • To investigate the conditions under which twinning occurs in hornblende.

    Main Methods:

    • Single crystals of hornblende were subjected to compression experiments.
    • Experiments were conducted at confining pressures ranging from 5 to 15 kilobars.
    • Temperatures were controlled between 400 and 600 degrees C with a strain rate of 10^-5 s^-1.

    Main Results:

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    Published on: June 19, 2018

    Atom Probe Tomography Analysis of Exsolved Mineral Phases
    08:14

    Atom Probe Tomography Analysis of Exsolved Mineral Phases

    Published on: October 25, 2019

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 11, 2026

    High-pressure, High-temperature Deformation Experiment Using the New Generation Griggs-type Apparatus
    12:30

    High-pressure, High-temperature Deformation Experiment Using the New Generation Griggs-type Apparatus

    Published on: April 3, 2018

    Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction and Fluorescence Imaging of Mineral and Rock Samples
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    Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction and Fluorescence Imaging of Mineral and Rock Samples

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    Atom Probe Tomography Analysis of Exsolved Mineral Phases
    08:14

    Atom Probe Tomography Analysis of Exsolved Mineral Phases

    Published on: October 25, 2019

    • Deformation twins with twin planes parallel to (101) were successfully produced in hornblende.
    • Twinning was observed under the specified high-pressure and high-temperature experimental conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • The study demonstrates the feasibility of creating hornblende deformation twins under controlled laboratory conditions.
    • These findings provide valuable data for understanding the rheology and deformation behavior of amphiboles in the Earth's crust and mantle.